目的 了解学龄前儿童家中安全防护用品的使用现状和影响因素,为促进居家环境安全提供依据。 方法 于2016年7—9月期间,采用家长自填式问卷调查方式进行调查。 结果 4.0%的家庭未安装任何安全防护用品,1.9%家庭安装了全部11种安全防护用品。各种防护用品中防撞角/条的使用率最高,其次是电源/插座保护盖和防夹手门挡。煤气报警器和烟雾报警器的使用率较低。多因素分析发现自有产权住房、掌握良好的伤害相关知识、接受过伤害预防/急救培训促进安全防护用品的使用。防护用品使用主要的阻碍因素为不知道从哪里买(16.1%)、没有听说过(13.3%)、使用麻烦(13.2%)、不知道怎么用(9.5%)和质量不可靠(6.4%)。结论 学龄前儿童家居环境安全防护用品的使用水平整体不高,特别是对在紧急情况下能够保护生命的防护用品使用率低,应通过宣传防护用品的使用,提高可及性和产品质量以增加使用率,完善家居环境的整体安全状况,保护儿童平安成长。

Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of safety protection facilities (SPPs) use in preschool children,in order to provide basis for promoting home environment safety.Method A parental self-reported questionnaire survey was conducted from July to September,2016. Results Totally 4% of the families did not use any SPPs in their home,and only 1.9% of the families used all listed SPPs in this study.Among all kinds of SPPs,the use rate of anti-collision prevention angle and bar was the highest,followed by power/socket protection cover and anti-clamp hand door block.The use rate of gas detector and smoke detector was low.Multivariate Logistic analysis indicated that the ownership of property,good command of injury related knowledge,receiving training on injury prevention and first aid may promote the use of SPPs.The main impediments to the use of SPPs were having no idea of where to buy (16.1%),not having heard of (13.3%),having trouble in use (13.2%),not knowing how to use (9.5%),and poor quality of SPPs (6.4%). Conclusions The overall use rate of home environment SPPs for preschool children is not as high as expected,especially those that can protect life in an emergency was critically low.Public education on SPPs use,improving the availability and quality of SPPs may improve SPPs use,thereby protecting healthy growth of preschool children.