目的 分析我国7~18岁汉族学生2010-2014年的腹型肥胖变化情况,探索学生腹型肥胖的影响因素。方法 选取2010年和2014年中国学生体质与健康调研库中7~18岁汉族学生作为研究对象,筛出腰围、身高信息不完整以及腰围和腰围身高比异常样本,纳入分析共计228 562名。采用国内制定的腰围界值点和国际常用腰围身高比≥0.5判定腹型肥胖;采用问卷调查收集影响因素的信息。采用t检验、χ2检验比较腹型肥胖年份差异,多因素Logistic回归模型分析腹型肥胖的影响因素。结果 2010年7~18岁中国汉族学生的腰围和腰围身高比均值分别为(64.96±9.79)cm 和0.428±0.048,2014年分别为(65.90±10.07)cm 和0.434±0.051,2014年显著高于2010年(P＜0.001)。2010-2014年7~18岁中国汉族学生的腹型肥胖检出率显著上升(腰围界值:13.84%＜17.13%;腰围身高比界值:8.91%＜11.23%,P均＜0.001)。2014年腹型肥胖检出率男生高于女生,城市高于乡村,东中部高于西部,低年龄段高于高年龄段(P均＜0.001)。多因素Logistic回归结果显示,男生(OR=2.37,95%CI: 2.26~2.48)、城市(OR=1.25,95%CI: 1.20~1.31),东部和中部(东部:OR=1.29,95%CI: 1.22~1.37;中部:OR=1.08,95%CI: 1.02~1.15),7~9岁和10~12岁(7~9岁:OR=1.89,95%CI: 1.77~2.03;10~12岁:OR=2.07,95%CI: 1.89~2.26)、早餐＜3~5次/周(OR=1.17,95%CI: 1.07~1.28)、不愿意长跑锻炼(OR=1.72,95%CI: 1.64~1.80)、每天电视时间≥1 h(OR=1.06,95%CI: 1.01~1.13)可能是腹型肥胖的危险因素(P<0.05或<0.01)。睡眠时间、每天锻炼时间、每天做作业时间可能与腹型肥胖无关(P＞0.05)。结论 2010-2014年7~18岁中国汉族学生的腹型肥胖检出率显著上升,学生腹型肥胖可能具有多种影响因素,应开展有针对性的综合干预。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the prevalence of abdominal obesity in Chinese Han students aged 7~18 in 2010 and 2014,and to explore the influencing factors of abdominal obesity. Methods Han students aged 7~18 years from Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health in 2010 and 2014 were included. After screening students lacking waist or height information and students with abnormal waist or waist-to-height ratio,finally 228 562 students were analyzed. Waist cut-off standards in China and waist-to-height ratio cut-off (≥0.5) were used to classify abdominal obesity. Questionnaires were used to collect information about influencing factors. t-test and χ2 test were used to analyze the difference of abdominal obesity in 2010 and 2014,and Logistic regressive model was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results The average waist and waist-to-height ratio of Chinese Han students aged 7~18 years in 2010 were (64.96±9.79)cm and 0.428±0.048. The average waist and waist-to-height ratio in 2014 were (65.90±10.07)cm and 0.434±0.051, which were higher than those in 2010 (P<0.001). The prevalence of abdominal obesity of Chinese Han students significantly increased from 2010 to 2014 (by waist cut-off: 13.84%<17.13%,by waist-to-height ratio: 8.91%<11.23%,both P<0.001). In 2014,the prevalence of abdominal obesity among boys was higher than that of girls,urban students higher than rural students,students from middle and eastern China was higher than those from western China,students in low age higher than the older ones (P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that boys (OR=2.37,95%CI: 2.26~2.48),urban area (OR=1.25,95%CI: 1.20~1.31),eastern and middle regions (east: OR=1.29,95%CI: 1.22~1.37; middle: OR=1.08,95%CI: 1.02~1.15),7~9 and 10~12 years (7~9: OR=1.89,95%CI: 1.77~2.03; 10~12: OR=2.07,95%CI: 1.89~2.26),having breakfast less than 3~5 times/per week (OR=1.17,95%CI: 1.07~1.28),unwillingness for long-distance running (OR=1.72,95%CI: 1.64~1.80),TV time ≥1 hour/per day (OR=1.06,95%CI: 1.01~1.13) were the risk factors of abdominal obesity(all P<0.05 or<0.01). Sleep duration,exercise duration/per day,homework duration/per day were not related to the prevalence of abdominal obesity (all P>0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of abdominal obesity of Chinese Han students aged 7~18 years significantly increased from 2010 to 2014.Abdominal obesity in studerts can be affected by multiple influencing factors, and thus comprehensive intervention for obesity should be factor-targeted.
关键词
汉族学生 /
腹型肥胖 /
影响因素 /
腰围 /
腰围身高比
Key words
Chinese Han students /
abdominal obesity /
influencing factors /
waist /
waist-to-height ratio
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