目的 探讨小学生睡眠时间和视屏时间与肥胖之间的相关性,为防控小学生肥胖提供依据。方法 于2013年9月采用整群随机抽样于北京某城区12所小学选取三~五年级共1 889名学生并划分为肥胖及非肥胖组,问卷调查睡眠时间、视屏时间及其他肥胖相关影响因素。采用广义线性混合效应模型分析睡眠及视屏时间对学生肥胖的影响。结果 27.83%和77.08%的学生睡眠和视屏时间能达相应标准。每天睡眠时间≥9 h与＜9 h、视屏时间＜2 h与≥2 h的学生肥胖率分别为19.46%和25.88%、18.09%和29.29%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.83和23.35,P均<0.01)。根据睡眠时间9 h和视屏时间2 h两两组合进行分组,四组学生肥胖率差异有统计学意义(χ2=28.51,P <0.01)。校正相关影响因素发现相较于睡眠时间＜9 h和视屏时间≥2 h的学生,睡眠时间≥9 h和视屏时间＜2 h的学生肥胖率更低[肥胖率37.25% vs 17.39%,OR=0.48(95%CI:0.28~0.81),P=0.011]。结论 仅27.83%的三~五年级小学生的睡眠时间达到国家卫生要求,每天睡眠时间≥9 h且视屏时间＜2 h的学生更不容易肥胖。在学生肥胖干预项目中应加强对睡眠及视屏时间的指导。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the association among sleep duration (SD), screen time (ST) and childhood obesity in school-aged children, in order to provide evidence for prevention and control of childhood obesity. Methods Custer random sampling was used to recruit 1 889 students from three to five grades in twelve schools of a district in Beijing in September 2013, and the participants were divided into obese and non-obese groups by Chinese standard. Questionnaires were used to require SD, ST and other obesity related factors. The generalized linear mixed model was used to analyze the effect of SD and ST on childhood obesity in school-aged children. Results Totally 27.83% and 77.08% of students could reach the recommended standards of SD and ST. The rate of obesity in children whose SD ≥9 hours/day and ＜9 hours/day, and whose ST ＜2 hours/day and ≥2 hours/day were 19.46% vs 25.88%, and 18.09% vs 29.29% respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=6.83 and 23.35,all P<0.01). Students were divided into four groups according to the combination of SD (9 hours/day) and ST (2 hours/day).The difference on the obesity rate of the four groups was significant (χ2=28.51,P<0.01). After adjustment for other obesity related factors, children with SD ≥9 hours/day and ST ＜2 hours/day had lower obesity rate than those with SD ＜9 hours/day and ST ≥2 hours/day (OR=0.48,95%CI:0.28~0.81,P =0.011). Conclusions Only 27.83% of students from three to five grades reaches the Chinese standard of SD. Students with SD ≥9 hours/day and ST ＜2 hours/day are less likely to develop obesity. So management of SD and ST is in urgent need in the interventions of childhood obesity.
关键词
肥胖 /
睡眠时间 /
视屏时间 /
儿童
Key words
obesity /
sleep duration /
screen time /
children
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基金
国家重点研发计划项目资助(2016YFC1300204);中华医学基金资助项目(11-064)
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