目的 了解佛山市城市儿童的牙痛发病情况及其影响因素,为预防控制青少年儿童龋齿提供针对性的科学依据。方法 2016年5月-9月采用随机抽样法在佛山市城市小学中随机选取了6所学校,以整群抽样方法选取全体二年级学生及其家长为调查对象,采用问卷调查方法收集学生人口统计学信息、口腔卫生行为、口腔疾病、口腔卫生知识等相关信息,采用单、多因素分析方法对龋齿的口腔卫生行为影响因素进行分析。结果 共调查2 241人,其中962例(42.93%)患有牙痛或牙齿不适;多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,睡前刷牙后食甜点(OR=5.420,95%CI:3.630~8.093),家长学历高中以下(OR=1.710,95%CI:1.421~2.057)是导致牙痛的危险因素,每天刷牙2次(OR=0.484,95%CI:0.345~0.680),家长帮助儿童刷牙(OR=0.537,95%CI:0.386~0.756),父母口腔卫生知识水平较高(OR＝0.756,95%CI:0.616~0.927)能降低牙痛的机率。家长口腔卫生知识主要通过传统媒介获取,通过学校教育及卫生专业部门获取分别占26.15%和20.57%。结论 加强家校联动的健康教育,提高儿童及其家长的口腔卫生知识水平是养成良好口腔卫生行为和减少牙痛或牙齿不适的重要措施。

Objective To investigate current status and influential factors on toothache among children in Foshan city, in order to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of dental caries in children. Methods Six schools were randomly selected using random sampling method in urban elementary school from May to September in 2016, and students in the second grade and their parents were enrolled as participants with cluster sampling method.Questionnaires were filled out to collect students′ demographic information, oral health behavior, oral disease information and oral health knowledge.Single factor and multi-factor analysis method were used to analyze the influential factors for dental caries. Results Of the 2 241 people surveyed, 42.93% (962/2 241) had toothache or dental discomfort sense; Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that the brushing teeth after eating sweets before sleeping (OR=5.420, 95%CI:3.630~8.093) and parental educational level under senior high school (OR=1.710, 95%CI:1.421~2.057) were risk factors for toothache.Brushing teeth twice a day (OR=0.484, 95%CI:0.345~0.680), brushing teeth with the help of parents (OR=0.537, 95%CI=0.386~0.756) and parents with high level of oral hygiene knowledge (OR=0.756, 95%CI=0.616~0.927) can reduce the risk of toothache.Parents′ knowledge of oral hygiene was mainly obtained through traditional media, and the percentage of obtaining knowledge from school health education and health professional departments were 26.15% and 20.57%, respectively. Conclusion Strengthening healthy education of school linkage, improving oral health knowledge of children and their parents are important measures to help develop good oral hygiene and reduce toothache or dental discomfort sense.