目的 了解上海市黄浦区儿童安全座椅使用情况及儿童乘车行为,进一步推广普及儿童安全座椅的正确使用。方法 2017年4-6月采用现场观察法对上海市黄浦区5家幼儿园,1家儿童专科医院,4家商场进行现场观察。结果 838名儿童中在汽车后排使用安全座椅的仅40人,儿童安全座椅使用率为4.8%。儿童乘车行为以儿童后排单独自由乘坐为主,占69.2%(580/838),家长怀抱儿童乘车的占21.1%(177/838)。有57名(6.8%)儿童乘坐于汽车副驾驶座中,其中9人由家长怀抱乘车。不同观察地点,安全座椅使用率不同,差异具有统计学意义(χ²=23.518,P<0.001),其中观察点为医院安全座椅使用率最低,为3.3%(14/422)。越野车(SUV)安全座椅使用率为7.5%(14/187)高与其他类型车辆,差异具有统计学意义(χ²=79.502,P<0.001);同乘人数为1人安全座椅使用率高于多人,差异有统计学意义(χ²=15.032,P<0.001)。结论 黄浦区家庭乘用车安全座椅使用率低,儿童存在不安全的乘车行为,亟待采取有效的干预措施提高家长对儿童乘车安全及安全座椅的正确认知。

Objective To investigate the use of child restraint system (CRS) and children′ riding behavior in Shanghai Huangpu district. Method A total of five kindergartens, one pediatric hospital and four shopping malls were investigated by field observation from April to June 2017. Results Only 40 of 838 children used CRS,and the CRS usage rate was 4.8%.Also, 69.2% (580/838) of children sat in the back row of the car without any restraint system, and 21.1% (177/838) of children were hugged by parents.57 (6.8%) children were in the passenger seat, of which 9 were held by their parents.The CRS usage rates in different observation sites were significantly different (χ²=723.518,P<0.001),while the CRS usage rates at hospital was the lowest (3.3%,14/422).The usage rate of CRS in SUV was 7.5% (14/187),which was significantly higher than other types of vehicles(χ ²=79.502,P<0.001).The CRS usage rate in cars with one passenger was significantly higher than that in cars with more passengers(χ²=15.032,P<0.001). Conclusions The CRS usage rate was low in Huangpu district.It is suggested to take effective measures to improve parents′correct cognition of child riding safety, so as to popularize the correct use of CRS.