目的 了解乌鲁木齐市儿童麻疹流行特征,为进一步控制和消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法,分析乌鲁木齐市2009-2016年儿童麻疹疫情特点。 结果 2009-2016年乌鲁木齐市共报告儿童麻疹病例1 104例,儿童年平均发病率为19.96/10⁵。男女性别比为1.35∶1,以天山区麻疹病例数居首位。麻疹疫情周期性和季节性流行明显,4~6月为发病高峰期。麻疹发病年龄主要集中在2岁以下儿童,病例中无免疫史和免疫史不详的儿童占73.33%。 结论 接种含麻疹成分疫苗是消除麻疹的根本措施,提高疫苗的及时接种率可降低小年龄组儿童感染风险,考虑为育龄妇女开展麻疹疫苗复种以有效提高新生儿母传抗体水平。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of measles children in Urumqi, in order to provide scientific basis for further control and elimination of measles. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles among children in Urumqi from 2009 to 2016. Results A total of 1 104 cases of measles were reported in Urumqi from 2009 to 2016, and the average incidence rate was 19.96/10⁵. The sex ratio of male to female is 1.35∶1, and the number of measles cases in Tianshan district ranked the first. The seasonal epidemics of measles was obvious, and the peak period was April to June. Measles mainly occurred in children under 2 years old. 73.33% of cases were without immune history. Conclusions Vaccine is recommended as a fundamental measure to eliminate measles, and improving the timely vaccination rate can reduce the risk of measles infection in children at lower age stage. So revaccination of measles vaccine for women of childbearing age is considered to effectively improve maternal antibody levels in newborns.