目的 了解初中生近视状况及家庭有关的影响因素,为有效防控近视提供科学参考。方法 2016年4月分层整群随机抽取淄博市某区初中生共1 036名,进行屈光度检查,并对学生家长进行问卷调查。结果 2016年淄博市某区初中一、二年级学生近视检出率为73.24%,轻、中、高度近视检出率依次为47.77%、22.79%、2.68%。不同年级、不同性别的学生近视检出率差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。婴儿时足月出生、在家坐姿正确、上体育类培训班以及父母每半年带儿童检查一次视力是学生近视的保护因素(P均<0.05);而在家习惯躺着看书是学生近视的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 淄博市初中生近视水平较高。家长与学校共同培养学生良好的用眼和生活习惯是防治近视的关键。
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the factors associated with myopia in junior middle school students in Zibo city, and to provide reference on myopia prevention and control among students. Methods A total of 1 036 students were selected in April 2016 using a stratified cluster sampling method from first grade and second grade of junior middle schools in Zibo City. Students underwent diopter examinations and their parents completed detailed questionnaires. Results The average prevalence of myopia was 73.24%, of which the prevalence rate of mild myopia was 47.77%, moderate myopia was 22.79% and severe myopia was 2.68%.There were statistically significant differences on myopia prevalence in different grade and gender groups (P<0.05). Students born at full terms, with correct sitting position at home, participating in sports training and with parents led to have eyes examined more than twice a year were significantly associated with a lower risk of myopia (all P<0.05). Moreover, students used to reading book on the bed had a higher risk of myopia(P<0.05). Conclusion Myopia of students in junior middle school is highly prevalentin Zibo city. So developing good habit of eyes using may be the key to prevent and treat myopia in students.
关键词
学生 /
近视 /
家庭 /
影响因素
Key words
influencing factors /
students /
myopia /
family
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