目的 了解六安市学龄前儿童心理行为问题现况及影响因素,为早期识别干预提供参考依据。方法 2016年8-9月采用分层整群随机抽样法,抽取6所幼儿园3~6岁在园儿童。采用自行设计的一般情况问卷和Conners父母用症状问卷(PSQ)由幼儿园组织召开家长会,面对面进行问卷调查后进行统计学分析。结果 本次共筛查1 264名学龄前儿童,检出各种心理行为异常272例,检出率21.5%。单因素分析显示,性别(χ²=50.198,P＜0.001)、年龄(χ²=6.552,P=0.038)及不同地区(χ²=7.281,P=0.007)儿童心理行为异常检出率差异有统计学意义。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男童(OR=2.959,95%CI: 2.177～4.023)、农村(OR=1.427,95%CI: 1.079～1.889)是儿童心理行为异常的独立危险因素。结论 六安市学龄前儿童心理行为问题检出率较高,男童及农村儿童患病率较高,应做到早期识别、早期针对性干预、医教结合,以纠正或改善发育行为问题或障碍。

Objective To understand the status and influencing factors for psychological behavioral problems preschool children in Liuan, in order to provide evidence for early recognition and intervention. Methods Children aged 3~6 from six kindergartens were selected randomly by using multi-stage cluster random sampling form August to September 2016. Parents were face-to-face interviewed by using self-designed questionnaire and Conner Parents Symptom Questionnaire(PSQ).And the data were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 1 264 preschoolers were screened in this study, of which 272(21.5%) cases of children with various psychological abnormalities were detected. Single factor analysis showed that the detection rates of children's psychological behavioral problems were statistically significant between different genders (χ² =50.198,P＜0.001), different ages (χ² =6.552,P=0.038) and different areas (χ²=7.281,P=0.007). Multifactor Logistic regression analysis indicated that boys (OR=2.959,95%CI: 2.177～4.023), and rural area (OR=1.427,95%CI: 1.079～1.889) were independent risk factors of children's behavioral problems.Conclusion The detection rate of preschool children's psychological behavioral problems in Liuan's rather high, also boys and rural children had a higher morbidity rate and should be the main target of interventions, including early identification, early intervention, combination of medication and education, so that their developmental behavioral problems or disorders can be prevented or improved.