目的 使用两种评价方法对调查地区户籍和流动8月龄婴儿的喂养行为进行分析,发现不合理喂养行为,为制定研究地区婴儿的喂养指导策略提供依据,同时对两种指标评价方法的优劣进行对比。方法 采用横断面研究,选取2014年在北京某社区接受常规儿童保健服务,排除早产、低出生体重、出生先天缺陷及心、肝、肾、血液系统疾病的所有8月龄婴儿为调查对象,并通过问卷收集婴儿喂养情况进行统计分析。结果 调查地区本市和流动8月龄婴儿在6月龄内辅食添加率分别为52.0%和65.1%(P<0.05)。8月龄婴儿喂养指数得分均值本市和流动分别为12.42±2.24和11.41±2.18(P<0.001)。喂养指数合格率本市大于流动(P=0.001)。喂养指数各分项中,过去24 h奶瓶喂养指数本市小于流动(P<0.001),过去1周食物添加频率中,奶类、鱼虾类、禽畜肉类、蔬菜水果类喂养指数本市大于流动(P<0.01)。婴儿早开奶率、最小膳食多样性、曾经母乳喂养率,本市均好于流动人口(P<0.05)。所有母乳喂养婴儿的最小合理膳食率均明显低于人工喂养婴儿(P<0.01)。结论 调查地区8月龄婴儿喂养情况本市好于流动,但整体状况不容乐观;两种评价方法各有千秋。

Objective To study the feeding practices of different household registration infants aged 8 months in surveyed area using two methods,and to find the existing problems in order to provide evidence for feeding intervention. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted. Infants aged 8 months who accepted conventional community child health services in Beijing were selected in this study in 2014.Infants with premature birth,low birth weight and congenital birth defects and heart,liver,kidney,blood diseases were excluded. Questionnaire on infant feeding practices were surveyed and analyzed. Results Complementary feeding rates before 6 months in resident and migrant infants aged 8 months were 52.0% and 65.1% (P<0.05),the mean value of 8-month-old infant feeding index of resident and migrant population were 12.42±2.24 and 11.41±2.18 (P<0.001) respectively. The qualified rate of feeding index of the resident population was better than the migrants(P=0.001). In the sub-items of the feeding index,bottle feeding index score in the past 24 hours was lower in resident population(P<0.001). In terms of complementary feeding rates in the past week,the feeding index score of milk,fish-shrimp,poultry and meat,vegetables and fruits were higher in the resident population(P<0.01).Some indicators such as early initiation of breastfeeding,minimum dietary diversity and children ever breastfed of the resident population were better than that of the migrants(P<0.05). The minimum acceptable diet of all breastfed children was lower than non-breastfed children(P＜0.01). Conclusions The feeding practices of 8-month-old infants of resident population is better than that of the migrants in the surveyed area,but the overall situation is not optimistic. Feeding index method and minimum dietary method both have their own merits.