小阴茎是基于正确测量长度基础上的一种医学诊断,是指具有正常的内部和外部男性生殖器的情况下,阴茎伸展长度低于相同年龄或相同性发育状态人群平均值2.5个标准差以上者。小阴茎诊断目前缺乏正常阴茎长度的参考值,导致临床诊断较为困难。小阴茎可能由多种原因引起,包括下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的结构或激素缺陷。 也可以是许多先天综合征的组成部分。因此,对于病因评估,内分泌实验室检测都很重要。 本文重点介绍小阴茎的病因,诊断,治疗和管理。
Abstract
Micropenis is a kind of medical diagnosis based on correct measurement of length. If stretched penile length is below the value corresponding to -2.5 standard deviation of the mean in a patient with normal internal and external male genitalia, a diagnosis of micropenis is considered. The current lack of reference values for the length of the penis has made clinical diagnosis more difficult. Micropenis can be caused by a variety of factors including structural or hormonal defects of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. It can also be a component of a number of congenital syndromes. For the etiological evaluation, endocrinologic tests are important. This article reviews the etiology, diagnosis, treatment and management of micropenis.
关键词
小阴茎 /
病因 /
诊断 /
治疗
Key words
micropenis /
etiology /
diagnosis /
treatment
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参考文献
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基金
国家自然科学基金(81673187);陕西省科技攻关项目(2016SF-201)
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