目的 分析对动态几何图形(DGI)和社会性人物图形(DSI)关注度不同的孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童的眼动指标与其主要行为指标的相关性,为临床研究及干预提供依据。方法 选取2017年9月-11月于深圳市妇幼保健院儿童心理康复科就诊的73例ASD患儿为研究对象,按注视范式兴趣区间时间百分比分组,其中高关注DGI组23例,高关注DSI组16例,两者关注时间百分比接近组34例。采用便携式眼动仪、适应行为评定量表第二版(幼儿版)(ABAS-Ⅱ)、孤独症评定量表(CARS)及孤独症观察量表(ADOS)对本组患儿进行测试,对比三组的眼动指标与其行为指标的结果,并进行相关性分析。结果 眼动指标显示:三组间眼动社会性注视时间(FT)、社会性注视时间百分比(TFD%)、几何FT、几何TFD%相比较,差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05);三组间眼动几何注视次数(FC)、社会性FC相比,差异无统计学意义(P均＞0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示,高关注DSI组中,眼动社会性FT与社交呈正相关,与休闲、居家生活,呈负相关;眼动社会性TFD%、几何TFD%、几何FT与各行为指标均无相关性。两者注视时间百分比接近组中,社会性FT与实用技能呈负相关;社会性TFD%与CARS、沟通、自我照顾呈负相关,与实用技能呈正相关,几何TFD%与学前功能呈正相关;高关注DGI组中,几何TFD%与沟通呈负相关,几何FT与沟通呈负相关,社会性FT、社会性TFD%与各行为指标均无相关性。结论 对几何图形及社会性图形关注度不同的ASD儿童的眼动指标与其主要行为指标有密切关系。

Objective To analyze the correlation between eye tack index and behavioral indicators in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and with different degrees of attention to dynamic geometry (DGI) and social graph (DSI), in order to provide evidence for clinical research and intervention. Methods Totally 73 ASD cases were selected in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shenzhen City from September 2017 to November 2017. According to the time percentage of paradigm interest interval, participants were divided into three groups, including 23 cases in high attention DGI group,16 cases in high attention DSI group, and 34 cases in the group with close percentage of attention time. Portable eye tracker, the Second Edition of Adaptive Behavior Rating Scale (ABAS-Ⅱ) (for children), Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Autism Observation Scale (ADOS) were used for test. The Results of eye tack indexes and behavioral indexes among three groups were compared and conducted for correlation analysis. Results The differences on social eye fixation time (FT), the percentage of social fixation time (TFD%), geometric FT and geometric TFD% among three groups were significant(all P<0.05). While the differences on geometry FC and social FC among three groups were not significant(all P＞0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that in high attention DSI group, FT was positively associated with social networking and social movement, and was negatively related to leisure and home life, whereas eye movement social TFD%, geometric TFD%, geometric FT had no correlation with behavioral indicators. In the group with close percentage of attention time, social FT was negatively correlated with practical skills. And social TFD% was negatively associated with CARS, communication and self-care, whereas positively correlated with practical skills. Also, the geometric TFD% was positively correlated with preschool function. In high attention DGI group, the geometric TFD% was negatively correlated with the communication, geometric FT was negatively correlated with communication, but the correlation of social FT and social TFD% with behavioral indicators was not observed. Conclusion The eye tack indexs of ASD children with different attention degree to geometric figure and social figure are closely related to their major behavioral indicators.