目的 分析早产低出生体重儿1岁以内的追赶生长特点,研究其追赶生长规律。方法 按照纳入和剔除标准,选择2013年1月-2016年12月在本院儿童保健门诊体检的252名早产低出生体重儿为研究对象。根据1岁时体重、身长Z评分与出生时Z评分之差(△Z)的大小,△Z>0.67定义为婴儿期出现追赶生长;并分析比较不同性别之间追赶生长的差异。结果 纳入252名早产低出生体重儿,其中男婴118名(46.8%),女婴134名(53.2%);早产低出生体重儿婴儿期体重(kg)增长(Z评分为1.41±0.83)、身长(cm)增长(Z评分为0.82±0.76);80.5%在婴儿期出现体重追赶生长,62.7%出现身长追赶生长;不同性别之间的体重和身长的追赶生长情况比较,差异无统计学意义(χ²=1.583、1.082,P>0.05);适于胎龄儿体重追赶生长较小于胎龄儿和大于胎龄儿比例高(χ²=8.552,P=0.014)。结论 大部分早产低出生体重儿在第一年出现追赶生长,积极的营养支持策略和生长发育监测,对早产低出生体重儿的生长发育至关重要。

Objective To examine the catch-up growth during infancy in preterm and low birth weight infants. Methods A total of 252 preterm and low birth weight infants who received physical examination in children's health clinic during Jan. 2013 to Dec.2016 were enrolled in this study.Weight and length of infants at birth and 1 year old expressed as standard deviation scores and catch-up growth was defined as an increase of 0.67 in the Z scores between birth and the age of 1 year old.The difference of catch-up growth between boys and girls was evaluated. Results Among 252 preterm and low birth weight infants,there were 118 male infants(46.8%) and 134 female infants(53.2%).The rapid growth of weight[Z:(1.41±0.83)kg] and length[Z:(0.82±0.76)cm] occurred infants during infancy.The rates of catch-up growth for weight and length were 80.5% and 62.7%,respectively;There were no differences on catch-up growth for weight and length between male and female infants (χ²=1.583,1.082,P>0.05).The rate of catch-up growth for weight of children born appropriate for gestational age was higher than that of small or large for gestational age (χ²=8.552,P=0.014). Conclusions Catch-up growth occurs during infancy in most of preterm and low birth weight infants.Correctly nutritional support and growth monitoring are essential for growth development.