注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是一种儿童期常见的神经发育性障碍,发病率高,以注意力难以持续集中、多动和冲动为明显特征。该症给患者的学习生活、人际关系以及家庭带来诸多困扰与痛苦,因此探索ADHD的发病机制对于探索新的治疗手段、提高临床预后、减轻患儿的疾病造成的痛苦具有重要意义。近年来神经影像学研究发展迅速,借助于脑影像学技术与方法,探究ADHD的神经机制已获取不少有意义的发现。本文拟对ADHD磁共振功能成像以及弥散张量成像研究文献进行综述,以加深对ADHD神经机制的认识与理解,服务于临床。
Abstract
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder with high incidence rate,characterized by unsustainable attention and/or hyperactive/impulsive behavior causing much trouble and pain to the study,life,interpersonal relationship and family of the patients.Therefore,studying the pathogenesis of ADHD is of great significance for exploring new therapies,improving clinical prognosis and alleviating patient's pain caused by the disease.Neuroimaging studies have developed rapidly in recent years,and with the aid of techniques and approaches of brain imaging,exploring the neural mechanism of ADHD has been explored thereby showing varieties of interesting results.This paper reviews the ADHD literatures on the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI),in order to deepen the knowledge and understanding of the neural mechanisms of ADHD,and to provide evidence for clinical practice.
关键词
注意缺陷多动障碍 /
神经机制 /
磁共振功能成像 /
弥散张量成像
Key words
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder /
neural mechanism /
functional magnetic resonance imaging /
diffusion tensor imaging
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基金
上海市自然科学基金(14ZR1435800,10ZR1425600);上海市卫生局青年基金项目(2009Y049);国家自然科学基金面上项目(81251511);上海市磁共振重点实验室(华东师范大学)开放课题基金(2010)
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