目的 了解北京地区6~8月龄婴儿缺铁性贫血发生率以及危险因素,为下一步制定婴儿贫血干预措施提供数据支撑。方法 研究采用队列研究的方法,分层整群抽取项目社区新生儿进行随访,直至其6~8月龄进行血常规检测为止。数据归纳整理后,运用单因素及Logistic回归探讨缺铁性贫血的危险因素。结果 西城区、海淀区和密云区16家项目社区卫生服务中心共2 243名儿童在6~8月龄时进行血色素测定,缺铁性贫血发病率为19.6%(446/2 243)。Logistic回归显示,父母一方或双方是农业户籍(OR=1.568,95%CI:1.164~2.112),家庭孩子数较多(OR=1.490,95%CI:1.150~1.929),出生时父亲年龄≤25岁(OR=1.660, 95%CI:1.119~2.464),母亲孕前未服用铁剂(OR=1.440,95%CI:1.071~1.936),二级机构出生(OR=1.465,95%CI:1.112~1.931),低出生体重(OR=3.340,95%CI:1.398~7.980),性别为男性(OR=1.285,95%CI:1.025~1.611)以及母乳喂养(OR=2.217,95%CI:1.584~3.102)的6~8月龄婴儿发生缺铁性贫血的风险较高。结论 1)北京地区6~8月龄婴儿缺铁性贫血发生率较高。2)影响婴儿铁水平的因素以及社会经济因素均可导致婴儿缺铁性贫血的发生。
Abstract
Objective To understand the incidence and risk factors of iron deficiency anemia of 6~8-month-old infants in Beijing,in order to provide data support for further development interventions of infant anemia. Methods A cohort study was conducted,and stratified cluster sampling was used to select newborns having their health care in the community healthcare centers,and then following up the infants till the first blood test.After data cleaning,the single factor and Logistic regression were used to explore the risk factors of iron deficiency anemia. Results A total of 2 243 children were involved in this study,and the incidence of iron deficiency anemia was 19.6%(446/2 243).Logistic regression showed that infants at the age of 6 to 8 months old whose parents' owning agricultural registered permanent residence(OR=1.568,95%CI:1.164~2.112),whose family had more than one child (OR=1.490,95%CI:1.150~1.929),whose father was younger than 25 years old when the child was born (OR=1.660,95%CI:1.119~2.464),whose mother did not use chalybeate before pregnancy (OR=1.440,95%CI:1.071~1.936),who was delivered in the second level hospital (OR=1.465,95%CI:1.112~1.931),who are low birth weight (OR=3.340,95%CI:1.398~7.980),who was a boy (OR=1.285,95%CI:1.025~1.611) and who was breastfed (OR=2.217,95%CI:1.584~3.102) have a higher risk to anemia. Conclusion 1)The incidence of iron deficiency anemia in 6 to 8-month-old infant is high in Beijing.2)The factors influencing the infant iron status and socio-economic factors can lead iron deficiency anemia in infants.
关键词
婴儿 /
缺铁性贫血 /
高危因素
Key words
infant /
iron deficiency anemia /
risk factors
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] Berglund S,Domellöf M.Meeting iron needs for infants and children[J].Curr Opin Clini Nutr & Metab Care,2014,17(3):267-272.
[2] Cao C,O'Brien KO.Pregnancy and iron homeostasis: an update[J].Nutr Rev,2013,71(1):35-51.
[3] Ziegler EE,Nelson SE,Jeter JM.Iron stores of breastfed infants during the first year of life[J].Nutrients,2014,6(5):2023-2034.
[4] 宋琴素.2006-2012年北京市西城区0～6岁散居儿童健康趋势分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2013,21(8):867-869.
[5] 刘爽,李骏,龚晨睿,等.湖北农村地区6～23月龄婴幼儿贫血状况分析[J].中国公共卫生,2014,30(7):899-902.
[6] 韦萍,丘小霞,左梦玲,等.广西3县6～24个月婴幼儿缺铁性贫血干预性研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2016,24(7):770-772.
[7] 邓学文.探讨健康教育干预对社区婴幼儿营养缺乏病防治效果的影响[J].中国保健营养旬刊,2013,23(7):4016-4016.
[8] 张淑一,殷妍,王现华,等.农村地区婴幼儿离乳食的干预研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2015,23(10):1034-1037.
[9] 周金蔓,黄中炎,徐瑞杰,等.婴幼儿轻度缺铁性贫血对发育水平的影响及其危险因素分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2015,30(32):5570-5572.
[10] Scholl TO.Maternal iron status: relation to fetal growth,length of gestation,and iron endowment of the neonate[J].Nutr Rev,2011,69(Suppl 1):23-29.
[11] Burke RM,Leon JS,Suchdev PS.Identification,prevention and treatment of iron deficiency during the first 1000 days[J].Nutrients,2014,6(10):4093-4114.
[12] Saarinen U M,Siimes M A,Dallman P R.Iron absorption in infants: high bioavailability of breast milk iron as indicated by the extrinsic tag method of iron absorption and by the concentration of serum ferritin[J].J Ped,1977,91(1):36-39.
[13] Nikniaz L,Mahdavi R,Gargari B P,et al.Maternal body mass index,dietary intake and socioeconomic status:differential effects on breast milk zinc,copper and iron content[J].Health Promotion Perspectives,2011,1(2):140-146.
[14] 张延峰,于洋,刘彩芳,等.河北省赵县6～23个月儿童贫血患病率及影响因素分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2016,24(1):61-64.
[15] 罗西贝,郑小璇.中部两省农村6个月~2岁婴幼儿贫血状况及影响因素分析[J].中国社会医学杂志,2016,33(4):341-344.
[16] Thorisdottir AV,Ramel A,Palsson GI,et al.Iron status of one-year-olds and association with breast milk,cow's milk or formula in late infancy[J].Eur J Nut,2013,52(6):1661-1668.
[17] Qasem WA,Friel JK.An overview of iron in term breast-fed infants[J].Clin Med Insights Pediatr,2015,9:79-84.
基金
首都卫生发展科研专项项目(首发2014-3-2114)
PDF(495 KB)
