目的 比较抽动障碍(TD)儿童与正常儿童父母的亲职压力差异,探讨不同类型TD儿童父母亲职压力的差异,为TD儿童的科学干预提供依据。方法 使用亲职压力简表(PSI-SF)对103例TD患儿父母与110例正常儿童父母进行调查,分析不同类型TD儿童父母PSI-SF各得分差异。结果 TD儿童父母亲职压力总分为91.54±21.82,达到亲职压力量表阳性结果(高于90分)的有84例,占81.55%。不同类型TD儿童父母亲职压力特点不同:短暂性抽动障碍(TTD)儿童父母亲职压力总分、亲职困扰分量表分、亲子互动失调(PCDI)分量表得分与正常儿童得分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),困难儿童得分皆高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。慢性抽动障碍(CTD)及Tourette's综合征(TS)儿童父母亲职压力特点类似,其总分、亲职困扰、亲子互动失调分量表分以及困难儿童分量表分均高于正常儿童父母(P<0.05)。结论 TTD儿童父母亲职压力水平较低,主要压力源为患儿的特质和行为问题。与前者对比,CTD及Tourette's 综合征儿童父母普遍存在较高水平的亲职压力,主要压力源为困难儿童及亲子互动失调方面,需针对不同类型TD进行个体化心理健康教育或心理治疗。
Abstract
Objective To compare the differences of parenting stress between tic disorder children and normal children,and to explore the different levels of parenting stress in different types of children with tic disorders. Methods Totally 103 parents of children with tic disorder and 110 parents of the healthy children were assessed by Parenting Stress Index-Short From (PSI-SF),and the differences of PSI-SF scores in children with tic disorder were analyzed. Results The total score of PSI-SF of tic disorder children was 91.54±21.82,and 84 (81.55%) reached the positive Results of PSI-SF (higher than 90 points).There were some differences on levels of parenting stress among mothers of transient tic disorder (TTD),chronic tic disorder (CTD) and Tourette's syndrome(TS).The scores of three groups of children with difficult child (DC) were higher than those of the normal control group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference between TTD and control group in the scores of parental total stress,parental distress(PD) score and paren-child dysfunctional interaction(PCDI) (P>0.05).The scores of parents of CTD and TS in the total stress,PD,PCDI and DC were higher than those of normal children (P<0.05). Conclusions Parents of TTD children are generally plagued by parenting stress.But the level of parenting stress is lower in parents with TTD children than other groups.The parents of children with CTD and Tourette's syndrome had a higher level of parenting stress than parents of TTD children.Different types of TD children should be given individualized psychological healthy education and psychological treatment.
关键词
抽动障碍 /
亲职压力 /
亲职压力量表
Key words
tic disorder /
parenting stress /
Parenting Stress Index
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