目的 了解新疆温宿县维吾尔族中小学生身体形态、机能变化规律和特点,为该地区学生体质健康教育和卫生监督提供现实数据基础。方法 采用整群抽样法,以学校为单位,随机选取城市11所中小学,乡村17所中小学的维吾尔族学生进行测试。结果 2015年与2010年比较:2015年城市各年龄段维吾尔族男女学生身高有不同程度的增长,其中城市14岁女生身高增长值为11.3 cm,城市13岁男生身高增长值为8.9 cm,增长值最大;而乡村男女生各年龄段身高有升有降。城市男女学生7~12岁体重大于乡村男女学生,其中12岁城市男生比乡村男生重5.8 kg,12岁城市女生比乡村女生重6.2 kg;13~18岁城市男女生体重小于乡村男女生。城乡男女学生肺活量均有不同程度的增长(16~18岁除外)。城乡差距比较:2015年比2010年身高、体重城乡差距增大。结论 城市各年龄段维吾尔族中小学生身高、体重、肺活量不断增长,乡村中小学生各指标有升有降。

Objective To understand Xinjiang Uygur students' body shape,function,quality change rules and characteristics,and to provide data for physical health education and health supervision of students in this region. Methods The whole group sampling method was adopted.A random selection of 11 primary and secondary schools from cities,and the Uighur students of 17 primary and middle schools in rural areas were enrolled. Results Comparison between 2015 and 2010:In 2015,the height of male and female students of all age atages in urban areas increased,among them,the increase in height of urban 14-year old girls was 11.3 cm,the increase in height for 13-year-old boys was 8.9 cm with the highest increase;And the rural boys and girls had a rise and fall in all ages.Urban male and female students weighed more than rural students between 7 and 12 years old,the 12-year-old boys from rural areas were 5.8 kg heavier than the boys from cities,girls aged 12 from cities were 6.2 kg heavier than rural girls;Men and women from cities aged 13 to 18 weighed less than those in the countryside.Both urban and rural students had varying increase of lung capacity (except for students aged 16~18).The gaps between height and weight in 2015 were larger than those in 2010 between urban and rural areas. Conclusions Uighur students' height,weight and lung capacity is increasing in cities,whereas the indicators of rural primary and middle school students are up and down.