目的 调查家长和教师对注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)核心症状汇报上的差异,同时分析各项症状之间的关系。方法 收集2015年8—10月期间230例门诊就诊的儿童家长及教师填写的症状量表,对两者填写结果的差异进行配对χ2检验以及计算Kappa系数,同时对各项症状条目进行聚类分析。结果 1)家长与教师的汇报一致性为低到中等;2)在注意缺陷及多动冲动症状中,除“完成任务、计划和喧哗” 条目外,家长汇报症状存在的情况显著多于教师(P<0.05);3)注意缺陷症状群9项症状可分为以下4类:关注细节、持续注意、干扰控制类;似乎没听、完成任务、计划类;忘失物品、忘记做事类及延迟厌恶类。结论 家长对大多数症状的觉察水平显著高于教师;教师对儿童注意缺陷症状的汇报可能有助于解释症状与脑功能异常间的关系。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the distinction on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) core symptoms reported between parents and teachers,and to analyze the relationship among symptom items. Methods The ADHD symptom scales filled by parents and teachers for 230 children from outpatient service from August to October 2015 were collected.The distinction between different observers was analyzed by paired Chi-square test and Cohen`s kappa coefficient,while relationship among symptom items was analyzed by cluster analysis. Results 1) The agreement between parents′ and teachers′ report was low to moderate.2) In regard to attention deficit and hyperactivity symptoms,symptoms reported by parents,except for the items of effort,completing duty and noise,were significantly more than teachers (P<0.05).3) The nine symptom items of attention deficit syndrome might be grouped into the following 4 categories.Category A:conscious of details,attention abidance,interference control.Category B:seeming not listening,completing duty,planning;Category C:losing sundries,forgetting business;Category D:delay aversion. Conclusions Parents′ awareness of most ADHD symptoms is significantly higher than that of teachers′.Attention deficit symptoms reported by teacher seems to be helpful for explaining the relation of symptoms to brain dysfunction.
关键词
注意缺陷多动障碍 /
症状量表 /
家长 /
教师 /
聚类分析
Key words
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder /
symptom scale /
parent /
teacher /
cluster analysis
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