目的 通过对新疆6~23月龄婴幼儿进行调查,了解新疆6~23月龄婴幼儿辅食喂养现状及相关因素,为婴幼儿科学喂养提供相关依据。方法 2017年7月-2018年5月,采用分层多阶段抽样方法,整群抽取新疆南疆和田地区、喀什地区和北疆昌吉回族自治州3个地区,调查6~23月龄婴幼儿及主要喂养人。结果 1)最少膳食种类(MDD)合格率为63.22%(887/1 403)、最低膳食频率(MMF)合格率为57.95%(813/1 403)、最低可接受膳食(MAD)合格率为42.69%(599/1 403)。6~11月龄城市婴幼儿MDD、MMF和MAD合格率均低于农村婴幼儿(P<0.05);12~17月龄城市婴幼儿MDD和MAD合格率均高于农村婴幼儿(P<0.05);18~23月龄城市婴幼儿MMF和MAD合格率均高于农村婴幼儿(P<0.05)。2)北疆婴幼儿MMF不合格是南疆的1.947倍;正常出生体重的MMF不合格是低出生体重的2.715倍;家庭子女数≥3人的MDD不合格和MAD不合格是≤2人的1.709和1.571倍。结论 新疆6~23月龄婴幼儿MDD、MMF和MAD合格率较低。生活在北疆、正常出生体重、家庭子女数≥3人的6~23月龄婴幼儿为辅食喂养不合格的高危人群,建议通过加强健康教育,给予婴幼儿正确辅食喂养的指导,改变喂养人的喂养习惯和行为,从而达到改善婴幼儿喂养现状的目的。

Objective To understand the status and related factors for complementary feeding of 6 to 23-month-old infants in Xinjiang,in order to provide relevant basis for scientific feeding of infants. Methods A stratified multi-stage sampling method was used to investigate infants aged 6 to 23 months old and main caregivers from Hotan Prefecture and Kashgar area in southern Xinjiang and Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture in Northern Xinjiang from July 2017 to May 2018. Results 1) The pass rate of minimum diet diversity(MDD) was 63.22%(887/1 403),the pass rate of minimum meal frequency(MMF) was 57.95%(813/1 403),and the pass rate of minimum acceptable diet(MAD) was 42.69%(599/1 403). The eligible rates of MDD,MMF and MAD in urban infants aged 6 to 11 months old were lower than those in rural infants(P<0.05). The eligible rates of MDD and MAD in urban infants aged 12 to 17 months were significantly higher than those in rural infants(P<0.05),and the eligible rates of MMF and MAD in urban infants aged 18 to 23 months were significantly higher than those in rural infants(P<0.05). 2) The unqualified MMF of infants and young children in northern Xinjiang was 1.947 times higher than that in southern Xinjiang. The unqualified MMF of children with normal weight was 2.715 times higher than that in children with low birth weight. The unqualified MDD and unqualified MAD of families with children more than three were 1.709 and 1.571 times higher than those of families with children not more than two. Conclusions The eligible rate of MDD,MMF and MAD of 6 to 23-month-old infants in Xinjiang is relatively low. Infants living in the northern Xinjiang,with normal birth weight and with siblings more than two are high-risk population for unqualified feeding. It is suggested that health education and correct guidance on infant feeding should be given and strengthened,caregivers′ feeding habits and behaviors should be changed,thereby improving the status of infant feeding.