目的 探讨儿童青少年社交焦虑患者父母依恋水平与社交焦虑症状之间的关系,以及自尊在其中的中介作用。方法 2017年10月—2018年7月选取符合精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第5版)(DSM-5)诊断标准的社交焦虑障碍患者120例,年龄范围均为9～16岁。采用儿童社交焦虑量表(SASC)、父母和同伴依恋量表(IPPA)中的父母依恋量表和自尊量表(SES)对患者进行评定,并进行相关分析与中介效应分析。结果 1)社交焦虑水平与父子信任、父子沟通呈显著负相关(r=-0.21~-0.35,P<0.05),与母子依恋信任、母子沟通无显著相关;社交焦虑水平与父母疏远呈显著正相关(r=0.22~0.46,P<0.05),与自尊呈显著负相关(r=-0.44~-0.56,P<0.001)。2)儿童青少年社交焦虑患者的母子依恋水平对社交焦虑无显著的预测作用,而父子依恋水平对社交焦虑具有显著的负向预测作用(β =-0.64,P<0.001),自尊在父子依恋与社交焦虑之间起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的43.1%。结论 父子依恋水平与儿童青少年时期的社交焦虑障碍关系密切,自尊在父子依恋水平和社交焦虑之间发挥中介作用。
Abstract
Objective To explore the relationship between parental attachment and social anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents,as well as the mediation effect of self-esteem. Methods A total of 120 children and adolescents aged 9 to 16 years diagnosed with social anxiety disorder by DSM-5 were selected as participants from October 2017 to July 2018.Social Anxiety Scale for Children,paternal and maternal attachment subscale of Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale were used for assessment.Correlation among variables and mediation effects were analyzed. Results 1) Social anxiety was negatively correlated with paternal trust and communication(r=-0.21--0.35,P<0.05),but not related to maternal trust and communication.Social anxiety was positively related to parental alienation(r=0.22-0.46,P<0.05).Social anxiety was also negatively correlated with self-esteem(r=-0.44--0.56,P<0.001). 2) No significant predictive effects were found between maternal attachment and social anxious level.Negative predictive effects were found in paternal attachment and social anxious level(β=-0.64,P<0.001).Self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between paternal attachment and social anxiety level,with 43.1% of the mediating effect in the total effect. Conclusions Paternal attachment is closely related to social anxiety disorder in children and adolescents.Self-esteem plays an important mediating role in the relationship between paternal attachment and social anxiety.
关键词
社交焦虑障碍 /
父母依恋 /
自尊 /
儿童青少年
Key words
social anxiety disorder /
paternal attachment /
self-esteem /
children and adolescents
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基金
上海市科学技术委员会医学引导类科技支撑项目(17411969800);上海市儿童健康服务能力建设专项规划(GDEK201702)
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