目的 总结儿童消化道异物的临床特点及内镜治疗方法和效果,为临床诊治工作提供参考。方法 选取2016年12月－2018年5月在空军军医大学唐都医院儿科诊治的103例儿童消化道异物患儿作为研究对象,对其一般资料、异物类型、临床表现、并发症、异物停留部位及干预治疗等进行回顾性分析。结果 消化道异物患儿男(75.73%)多于女(24.27%),农村(59.22%)多于城镇(20.78%),幼儿期最高发(69.90%),事发时普遍不在家长的监护下(65.05%)。异物类型硬币最为常见(50.49%),异物停留部位食管最多(43.69%),其次为胃底(36.89%)。经电子胃镜取出83例,住院观察自行排出19例,1例经外科手术取出。88例出现不同程度食管或胃黏膜损害,3例合并食管穿孔及食管气管瘘,经抑酸护膜等治疗后复查胃镜及气管镜均痊愈,1例合并肠梗阻经普外科手术治疗痊愈。结论 儿童消化道异物多种多样,多会造成胃黏膜损伤,预防首要提高家长监护,电子胃镜治疗简便、安全、成功率高,可作为首选。

Objective To summarize the clinical features,treatment Methods and effect of endoscopic therapy of foreign bodies in children′s digestive tract,so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 103 children with foreign bodies in digestive tract were enrolled in this study,who were diagnosed and treated in Pediatrics Department of Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University from December 2016 to May 2018.And the general data,foreign body types,clinical manifestations,complications,foreign body retention sites,intervention and treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Results The prevalence of foreign bodies in digestive tract in boys(75.73%) were much higher than that in girls(24.27%),and it was higher in rural areas (59.22%) than in urban areas (20.78%).Also,foreign bodies in digestive tract most occurred in toddlers (69.90%) without the supervision of parents (65.05%).Coins were the most common (50.49%) type of foreign bodies in digestive tract,esophagus was the most common (43.69%) retention site and stomach fundus was the next (36.89%).Among 103 children,83 cases were removed by electronic gastroscope,19 cases were discharged spontaneously after observation in hospital,and 1 case was removed by surgery.88 cases had esophageal or gastric mucosal lesions,3 cases were complicated with esophageal perforation and esophagotracheal fistula,and were cured by gastroscopy and bronchoscopy after treatment with acid suppression and protective film,and 1 case complicated with intestinal obstruction was cured by general surgery. Conclusions Foreign bodies in digestive tract of children are diverse and could cause gastric mucosal damage.The key point to prevent foreign bodies in digestive tract is to improve parental supervision.Furthermore,electronic gastroscopy is simple,safe and has a high success rate,which could be taken as the first choice.