目的 分析中山市三至六年级学龄儿童心理健康的影响因素,为今后儿童心理卫生保健服务工作提供依据。方法 采用随机整群抽样方法,于2016年3-6月由中山市博爱医院抽取中山市8所小学三至六年级共计2 236名学生。用心理健康诊断测验调查心理健康状况,用自编的一般情况表调查影响因素。结果 中山市学龄儿童心理健康问题阳性检出率为10.38%(232/2 236);多因素Logistic回归模型显示:母亲孕期情绪不良(OR=3.18),出生窒息(OR=2.39),家庭主要管教方式(溺爱、混合)(OR=2.11、1.66),学习成绩(良好、一般、差)(OR=1.57、1.97、3.53)是危险因素;父亲职业(公务员或技术人员)(OR=0.34)和低年级(OR=0.54)是保护因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 中山市高年级小学生心理健康状况不容乐观,影响因素包括个体个人、家庭及学校三方面,应引起有关部门重视。

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of mental health in primary school students from Grade 3 to Grade 6 in Zhongshan city,in order to provide basis for children's mental health care service in the future. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used.And a total of 2 236 students of Grade 3 to Grade 6 from eight primary schools in Zhongshan city were enrolled in this study from March to June in 2016.The Mental Health Test (MHT) was used to investigate the mental health status,and the influencing factors were investigated with the self-compiled general information table. Results The positive rate of mental health problems was 10.38% (232/2 236).Multivariate Logistic regression model showed that the risk factors included maternal bad mood during pregnancy(OR=3.18),birth asphyxia(OR=2.39),primary family discipline (doting,mixed)(OR=2.11,1.66),academic performance (good,average,poor)(OR=1.57,1.97,3.53).And protective factors were fathers' occupation (civil service or technical personnel)(OR=0.34) and lower grades (OR=0.54)with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusions The mental health status of senior primary school students in Zhongshan city is not optimistic,and individual,family and school factors influence the mental health.So the relevant department should pay more attention to these factors