目的 通过对江苏省1~6岁儿童语言名词发展的现状研究,了解不同年龄组、性别组儿童名词理解及表达的特征和规律。方法 运用《1~6岁儿童语言发育评估量表》的名词测试部分,对随机抽样的1 121名儿童进行测试。结果 1)儿童最先习得身体部位名称,其次为物品及玩具名称,最后习得上位词等抽象名词;2)名词理解通过的P₇₅的相当年龄是2岁;P₉₀是2.5岁;3)名词表达通过的P₇₅的相当年龄是2.5岁;P₉₀是3岁;4)女生的平均得分明显高于男生(P<0.005)。结论 1~6岁儿童名词发展具有特定的习得顺序,并存在年龄界值及性别差异,这对促进儿童语言的早期发展和早期干预具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the status of language nouns development, in order to know about the general rules of noun comprehension and expression in children aged 1~6 years in Jiangsu province. Method A random sample of 1 121 children was tested using the noun test section of the “language development assessment scale for children aged 1~6”. Results 1) Children learnt the name of the body part firstly, followed by the name of the item and the toy, and finally acquired the abstract nouns such as the upper word; 2) The development of children's noun understanding existed age threshold, the equivalent age of P₇₅ was 2 years old, and the equivalent age of P₉₀ was 2.5 years old; 3) The development of children's noun expression existed age threshold, the equivalent age of P₇₅ was 2.5 years old, and the equivalent age of P₉₀ percentile was 3 years old; 4) The average score on the noun test of girls was significantly higher than that of boys (P<0.005). Conclusion The development of nouns in children aged 1~6 years has specific characteristics such as acquisition order, age boundary value and gender difference, which are important for promoting early development and early intervention of children's language.