目的 探讨以行为-结构化-关系(BSR)干预模式对短期住院孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童的干预疗效,为改善ASD儿童的预后提供参考依据。方法 选取2015年12月－2016年12月确诊为ASD的2~6岁儿童141例,随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组ASD儿童均接受BSR模式的短期课程训练,训练课程包括个别辅导、游戏课、运动课、音乐课等,每天训练时间6 h,持续1个月;对照组ASD儿童处于干预等待,接受随访观察和评估。所有ASD儿童干预前、后均接受儿童心理教育评估(第三版)(PEP-3)来进行各方面能力变化的评估。结果 治疗组、对照组干预前各副测验的原积分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组ASD儿童干预后认知、语言理解、模仿、情感表达、社会互动、行为特征-非语言、适应行为的原积分比较,差异均有统计学意义(t=2.41、2.02、4.14、3.69、4.42、2.69、2.96,P<0.05);但小肌肉、大肌肉、自理的原积分比较,差异无统计学意义(t=-1.13、-1.05、-0.84,P>0.05)。结论 BSR干预模式能够有效改善短期住院ASD儿童的预后,可推广用于儿童ASD的治疗。

Objective To observe the intervention efficacy of behavior-structure-relationship (BSR) model for children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD) in short-term hospitalization,in order to provide reference for improving the prognosis of ASD children. Methods A total of 141 ASD children aged 2－6 years were divided into treatment group and control group from December 2015 to December 2016. Children in treatment group were trained in short-term courses with the BSR model 6 hours each day for 1 month,and the training courses included individual tutoring,game lessons,sports classes as well as music lessons. While children in control group were in waiting session at the same period. Both groups were evaluated to assess changes in all aspects of competence by Psychoeducational Profile (third edition) (PEP-3) before and after BSR intervention/waiting session. Results There was no significant difference on the raw score between the two groups before intervention,while the significant differences were found on the raw scores of cognition,language comprehension,imitation,emotional expression,social interaction,behavioral characteristics (non-verbal) and adaptive behavior after intervention between the two groups (t=2.41,2.02,4.14,3.69,4.42,2.69,2.96,P<0.05).However,there was no significant differences on the raw scores of small muscles,large muscles and self-care (t=－1.13,－1.05,－0.84,P>0.05). Conclusion The BSR intervention model can improve the prognosis of ASD children with short-term hospitalization effectively,may be a promising way for ASD treatment.