目的 通过对嘉兴市新生儿听力筛查情况分析,为完善早期诊断、干预、治疗提供科学依据。方法 选择辖区内2013年1月1日-2017年12月31日出生的全部活产新生儿为听力筛查对象,听筛相关资料通过筛查机构,市(县)区级妇幼保健机构和市级新生儿听力筛查管理中心收集。采用瞬态诱发性耳声发射(TEOAE),高危新生儿采用自动听性脑干反应(AABR)技术进行初筛,未通过者在满月时进行复筛,复筛异常者及时进行听性脑干反应(ABR)等检查评估。结果 2013-2017年中共有活产新生儿268 187 例,其中266 802例新生儿进行了听力筛查,初筛率为99.48%(266 802/268 187);初筛未通过率8.91%(23 776/268 187)。实际复筛22 561 例,复筛率为94.89% (22 561/23 776),应转诊2 269 例,实际2 167 例接受了听力学诊断,转诊率95.50%(2 167/2 269),确诊听力损失715例,听力损失检出率为2.68 ‰,其中轻度听力损失202例,中度听力损失372 例,重度听力损失127例及极重度听力损失57 例。结论 嘉兴市新生儿听力筛查初筛、复筛、转诊率逐渐上升,对婴幼儿听力障碍的早期诊断、随访、干预有极大地帮助。

Objective To analyze the hearing screening results of newborns in Jiaxing, in order to provide scientific reference for early diagnosis, intervention and treatment. Methods All newborns in Jiaxing who have performed hearing screening were selected in this study from January 2013 to December 2017.The relevant data were collected through screening institutions, maternal and child health institutions in city (county) district and city-level newborn hearing screening management center.Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) and automatic auditory brainstem response (AABR) were used to screen high-risk neonates.Those who did not pass the test were screened again at the age of one month old.Those who had abnormal re-screening results were assessed by auditory brainstem response (ABR) in time. Results There were totally 268 187 live births in the five years from 2013 to 2017,among which 266 802 newborns were screened for hearing loss.The initial screening rate was 99.48% (266 802/268 187), and the failure rate was 8.91% (23 776/268 187).The actual re-screening rate was 94.89% (22 561/23 776), 2 269 cases should be referred, 2 167 cases received audiological diagnosis actually, and finally the referral rate was 95.50% (2 167/2 269).Totally 715 cases were diagnosed with hearing loss, and the detection rate of hearing loss was 2.68 ‰, of which 202 cases were mild, moderate, severe and extremely severe hearing loss cases were 202,372,127 and 57,respectively. Conclusion The rate of primary screening, re-screening and referral of newborn hearing screening in Jiaxing city is gradually increasing, which is of great help to the early diagnosis, follow-up and intervention of hearing impairment in infants.