目的 了解长宁区中学生智能终端的成瘾现况及其相关因素,为指导中学生科学、合理地使用智能终端提供依据。方法 2017年5月采用分层整群抽样的方法在长宁区中学抽取949名学生,通过问卷调查的方式收集学生智能终端的成瘾现况,参考Young网络成瘾评价方法进行成瘾是否的判定,分别通过K10 量表和ULS-8量表收集学生的心理健康状况及孤独感,探讨学生智能终端成瘾的相关因素。结果 中学生智能终端成瘾检出率为14.33%(136/949)。单因素分析显示年级段、学习成绩、使用安排方式、使用目的均与成瘾检出率有关(χ2分别为43.046、8.711、21.652、13.970,P<0.05),成瘾组学生K10量表及USL-8量表总分均高于非成瘾组(Z值分别为-7.998、-7.297)。多因素分析显示年级高中(OR=1.822,95%CI:1.167~2.585)、使用目的为娱乐(OR=1.572,95%CI:1.060~2.330)、K10量表总分>14分(OR=2.788,95%CI:1.786~4.352)、USL-8量表总分>14分(OR=2.013,95%CI:1.320~3.071)是智能终端成瘾的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 长宁区中学生智能终端成瘾检出率较高,其与年级段及使用目的有关,智能终端成瘾还与心理健康及孤独程度有关,应引起关注。
Abstract
Objective To know about the rate of addiction to smart mobile devices and its related factors among high school students,in order to provide reference for the scientific and appropriate use of smart mobile devices. Methods Totally 949 students from high schools in Changning district were selected by using stratified cluster random sampling method.A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence of addiction to smart mobile devices.Young scale was used to assess the addiction,and the mental health and loneliness were collected by the scale of K10 and USL-8,respectively. Results The rate of addiction to smart mobile device among high school students was 14.33%(136/949).Students with different grades,study conditions,arrangements,or intentions had different rate of addiction(χ2=43.046,8.711,21.652,13.970,P＜0.05).The addicted students had higher scores of both K10 and USL-8 than the others(Z=-7.998,-7.297,P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that senior high school students(OR=1.822,95%CI:1.167-2.585),intention of entertainment(OR=1.572,95%CI:1.060-2.330),score of K10 higher than 14(OR=2.788,95%CI:1.786-4.352) and score of USL-8 higher than 14(OR=2.013,95%CI:1.320-3.071) were risk factors of addiction to smart mobile devices. Conclusion The addiction to smart mobile device is prevalent,and more attention should be paid to those in senior high school,with intention of entertainment,poor mental health and loneliness.
关键词
中学生 /
智能终端 /
成瘾
Key words
high school students /
smart mobile device /
addiction
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 张霞,陈丽霞,杜世正.青少年手机依赖国内外研究进展[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37 (11):1756-1760.
[2] 李昌镐.韩国青少年智能手机使用情况的调查[J].中国青年研究,2014,26(2):9-15.
[3] 马云会,郭菲,陈祉妍.网络与手机使用对青少年睡眠质量影响的调查分析[J]. 中华护理杂志,2014,9(2):1494-1499.
[4] 刘勤学,杨燕,林悦,等.智能手机成瘾:概念、测量及影响因素[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志,2017,25(1):82-87.
[5] Thomee S,Harenstam A,Hagberg M.Mobile phone use and stress, sleep disturbances, and symptoms of depression among young adults:a prospective cohort study[J]. BMC Public Health,2011,1(6):66.
[6] Sánchez-Martínez M,Otero A. Factors associated with cell phone use in adolescents in the community of Madrid(Spain) [J].Cyberpsychol Behav, 2009,12(2):131-137.
[7] Young KS. Internet addiction:the emergence of a new clinical disorder[J]. Cyberpsychol Behav,1998,1(3):237-244.
[8] Kessler R,Mroczek D.Final version of our non -specific psychological distress scale [Z] .Ann Arbor(MI),Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research ,University of Michigan,1994.
[9] 周成超,楚洁,王婷,等.简易心理状况评定量表Kessler10中文版的信度和效度评价[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2008,16(6):627-629.
[10] Hays RD,DiMatteo MR. A short-form measure of loneliness[J].J Pers Assess,1987,51(1):69-81.
[11] 曹新美.中学生学习价值观的现状与特点研究[J].中国特殊教育,2013,20(8):77-84.
[12] 祝春兰,丁烜红,卢会志,等.中国青少年手机过度使用及其与心理健康的相关性[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(11):1618-1620.
[13] 李玉华,胡嘉,夏庆华,等.上海市长宁区小学三～五年级学生智能终端使用现况[J]. 中国学校卫生,2016,37(2):205-207.
[14] 杨德森.行为医学[M]. 长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1989:231-259.
[15] Bian M,Leung L. Linking loneliness,shyness,smartphone addiction symptoms,and patterns of smartphone use to social capital[J]. Social Science Computer Review,2015,33(1):61-79.
[16] 刘文俐,蔡太生. 社会支持与大学生手机依赖倾向的关系:孤独的中介作用[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志,2015,23(5):926-928.
PDF(493 KB)
