目的 了解新疆柯尔克孜族学龄前留守儿童缺铁性贫血状况及其影响因素,为少数民族学龄前留守儿童健康成长提供支持。方法 2016年10-11月采用分层抽样的方法在新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州的农村地区对442名柯尔克孜族3~6岁留守儿童进行调查及检测。结果 柯尔克孜族学龄前留守儿童缺铁性贫血的总检出率为18.10%(80/442),其中轻度为12.22%、中度为4.30%、重度为1.58%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=47.60,P＜0.01)。回归分析显示,孕期母亲未补铁(OR=2.026,95%CI:1.038~3.944)、家庭月收入1 000元以下(OR=2.352,95%CI:1.111~5.011)、挑食(OR=3.997,95%CI:1.318~12.108)是导致儿童缺铁性贫血的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 柯尔克孜族学龄前留守儿童缺铁性贫血患病率较高,以轻度贫血为主,应积极采取干预措施,以降低贫血患病率。

Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia in preschool left-behind children in the Kirgiz ethnic minority in Xinjiang, in order to provide support for the healthy growth of left-behind children. Methods Stratified sampling was used to investigate and test 442 left-behind children aged 3 to 6 years in the Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang from October to November 2016. Results The total prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in preschool children of Kirgiz ethnic preschool children was 18.10%(80/442).The prevalence rates of mild, moderate and severe iron deficiency anemia were 12.22%,4.30% and 1.58%, respectively, and the difference was significant(χ²=47.60, P<0.01).Regression analysis showed that no iron supplementation during pregnancy (OR=2.026,95%CI:1.038-3.944), family income under 1 000 yuan (OR=2.352,95%CI:1.111-5.011), picky eating (OR=3.997,95%CI:1.318-12.108) were risk factors for iron deficiency anemia. Conclusions The prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia among preschool children in Kirgiz ethnic minority is relatively high, and mild anemia is the main cause.Positive interventions should be adopted to reduce the prevalence of anemia.