目的 了解乌鲁木齐市3~6岁儿童饮食行为问题现状,分析3~6岁儿童家庭养育环境与饮食行为问题的关系,为提出预防及干预措施提供理论依据。方法 2017年11月-2018年1月采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,抽取乌鲁木齐市7所幼儿园1 070名3~6岁儿童,采用《儿童饮食行为问题筛查评估问卷》(IMFeD)及《3～6岁儿童家庭养育环境量表》调查儿童饮食行为问题及家庭养育环境。 结果 乌鲁木齐市3~6岁儿童饮食行为问题检出率为55.89%;存在饮食行为问题的儿童与无饮食行为问题的儿童,在家庭养育环境各维度语言/认知信息、情感温暖/自我表达、社会适应/自理、忽视/干预惩罚、活动多样性/游戏参与、环境气氛及家庭养育环境总分均存在差异,差异均有统计学意义(Z=-8.506,-7.395,-9.393,-9.348,-9.773,-12.618,-13.633,P＜0.000 1);多因素分析显示,家庭养育环境中社会适应/自理、忽视/干预惩罚、活动多样性/游戏参与及环境气氛为3~6岁儿童饮食行为问题的影响因素(P<0.01)。 结论 乌鲁木齐市3~6岁儿童饮食行为问题检出率较高,家庭养育环境与儿童饮食行为问题密切相关,应积极改善儿童家庭养育环境,以预防儿童饮食行为问题的发生。
Abstract
Objective To understand the status of eating behavior problems of 3 to 6-year-old children in Urumqi,and to explore the relationship between family nurture environment and eating behavior problems,so as to provide reference for the prevention of eating behavior problems of children aged 3-6 years. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to collect 1 070 children aged 3-6 years from 7 kindergartens in Urumqi from November.2017 to January.2018. Management of Feeding Difficulties(IMFeD) and 3 to 6-year-old Children's Family Nurture Environment Scale were used to assess family nurture environment and eating behavior problems. Results The detection rate of children's eating behavior problem in 3 to 6-year-old children in Urumqi was 55.89%. There were significant differences on the scores of language/cognitive information,emotional warmth/self-expression,social adaptation/self-care,neglect/intervention punishment,activity diversity/game participation and total score of family nurture environment between children with eating behavior problems and children without eating behavior problem(Z=-8.506,-7.395,-9.393,-9.348,-9.773,-12.618,-13.633,P<0.000 1). Multi-factor analysis showed that social adaptation/self-care,neglect/intervention punishment,activity diversity/game participation and environment atmosphere were influencing factors of eating behavior problem of children aged 3-6 years(P<0.01). Conclusions The detection rate of children's eating behavior problems in 3 to 6-year-old children in Urumqi is higher. Family nurture environment is closely related to children's eating behavior problems,and should be actively improved to prevent eating behavior problem.
关键词
3~6岁儿童 /
家庭养育环境 /
饮食行为问题
Key words
children aged 3-6 years /
family nurture environment /
eating behavior problems
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