目的 了解目前江苏省学龄前儿童行为问题现状及其与家庭养育环境的关系,为早期干预儿童行为问题提供理论依据。方法 采取横断面调查,采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取江苏省南京、南通、镇江、宿迁、盐城5个城市的1 190名4~6岁学龄前儿童,应用“4～16岁Achenbach儿童行为量表”、“3～6岁幼儿家庭养育环境量表”进行调查。结果 学龄前儿童的行为问题检出率为7.81%,“躯体体诉、攻击”2个行为因子检出率存在性别差异;不良家庭养育环境的检出率为13.11%,“环境气氛”检出率存在性别差异;不同家庭养育环境下行为检出率的差异具有统计意义,影响学龄前儿童行为问题的家庭养育环境因子主要为忽视干涉惩罚和环境气氛。结论 家庭养育环境对学龄前儿童行为影响显著,建立良好的家庭养育环境对促进学龄前儿童行为健康发展尤为重要。
Abstract
Objective To understand the current behavior problems of preschool children in Jiangsu province and their relationship with home nurture environment,and to provide theoretical basis for early intervention of children's behavior problems. Methods Cluster random sampling method was used to select children aged 4~6 years from Nanjing,Nantong,Zhenjiang,Suqian and Yancheng cities,children behavior checklist and 3~6 years old Children Home Nurture Environment Scale were applied. Results The total detection rate of behavioral problems in preschool school was 7.81%,and there were significant differences on the detection rates of two behavioral factors ("somatic complaint" and "attack") between boys and girls.The detection rate of adverse home nurture environment was 13.11%,there was significant difference in the detection rates of families environmental factor,"environment atmosphere" between boys and girls.The difference in the behavioral problems detection rate of preschool children in different family nurture environment was statistically significant.Factors influencing the behavioral problems of preschool children were mainly "neglect of interference" and "environmental atmosphere". Conclusion Home nurture environment has significant influence on preschool children's behaviors.So it is important to build pleasant home nurture environment in order to promote healthy development of early behavior.
关键词
行为问题 /
学龄前儿童 /
家庭养育环境
Key words
behavior problems /
preschool children /
home nurture environment
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基金
江苏省卫生计生委科研课题(Y2015066)
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