目的 分析昆明地区小儿下呼吸道支原体感染流行特点,为临床诊疗提供科学依据。方法 对2011年1月-2015年12月在昆明医科大学第二附属医院和昆明市妇幼保健院儿科住院患儿临床资料和痰液肺炎支原体DNA-PCR回顾性分析。结果 8 433例痰液检测中,肺炎支原体检出738例,平均检出率8.8%。2011-2015年检出率分别是7.9%、8.1%、7.7%、9.9%、9.6%;婴儿组、幼儿组、学龄前期组、学龄期组检出率分别是5.6%、9.7%、17.8%、25.1%;春、夏、秋、冬季节检出率分别是7.5%、6.0%、11.3%、9.9%。结论 昆明地区小儿下呼吸道肺炎支原体平均感染率约8.8%;学龄期感染率远高于婴幼儿期;肺炎支原体以秋、冬季节感染多见。

Objective To analyze the prevalence of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children with lower respiratory tract and to provide scientific basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods Pediatric clinical data and sputum pneumonia mycoplasma DNA-PCR were collected retrospectively from January 2011 to December 2015 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University and Kunming Maternal and Child Health Hospital.Results Among 8 433 cases of sputum detection,738 cases were positive of mycoplasma pneumoniae with average detection rate of 8.8%.The detection rate were 7.9%,8.1%,7.7%,9.9% and 9.6% respectively from 2011 to 2015.The detection rates of infant group,toddler group,preschool group,and school age group were 5.6%,9.7%,17.8% and 25.1%,respectively,The detection rates of spring,summer,autumn and winter were 7.5%,6.0%,11.3% and 9.9%,respectively.Conclusions The average infection rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae in Kunming is 8.8%.The infection rate of children at school age is much higher than that of infants.Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is more common in autumn and winter.