目的 了解义乌市城区学龄儿童性发育现状,比较义乌地区与全国水平的差异。方法 于2016年9-10月分层整群抽取义乌市城区2所小学学龄儿童共1 026名(男578名,女448名),按照统一标准测量其身高、体重、腰围和臀围等。青春期发育指标为女童乳房发育和男童睾丸发育Tanner分期。结果 1)女童9岁组乳房发育到达B2期占18%,B3期及以上达11.5%;男童10岁组睾丸开始发育达8.9%,G3期及以上达1.1%;2)男童超重及肥胖分别占16.1%和13.0%,女童超重及肥胖分别占7.2%和12.6%;3)男童睾丸容积与年龄、身高、体重、BMI、腰围均呈正相关,与年龄相关性最强;4)男童和女童各年龄段超重组及肥胖组开始青春发育比例均高于正常组。结论 义乌市城区学龄儿童性发育水平高于全国平均水平,应引起重视。

Objective To survey the current status of pubertal development of urban school-age children in Yiwu,and to compare the difference between Yiwu and national level. Methods Totally 1 026 school-age children (578 male,448 female) were selected from 2 schools in urban area of Yiwu city from September to October 2016.The height,weight,waist circumference (WC),hip circumference(HC) and sexual maturation states (Tanner stages:breast stages for girls and testicular volume for boys) of children and adolescents were measured. Results 1) Breast development at B2 period of 9 years old group was observed in 18% of girls,B3 and above period was observed in 11.5%; Testicular development began of 10 years old group was observed in 8.9% of boys,G3 and above period was observed in 1.1%; 2)The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 16.1% and 13% in girls,the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 7.2% and 12.6% in boys;3) Testis volume was positively correlated with age,height,body weight,BMI and waist circumference,and age was the strongest correlation;4)The proportion of sexual development in overweight and obesity group were higher than in normal group of boys and girls in all age groups. Conclusion The sexual development level of school-age children in Yiwu is higher than the national average level,it is worthy for people to pay attention on this point.