目的 了解儿童不同来源铁摄入情况,对儿童铁营养状况进行评估。方法 多阶段整群抽样法抽取全国6城市2农村1 600名3~12岁儿童,通过问卷调查获得其一般情况,采用24 h膳食回顾了解其铁摄入情况及动、植物、膳食补充剂来源。结果 受访儿童的总膳食铁平均摄入量(14.3±8.3) mg/d,中位数12.4(9.5,16.6) mg/d。其中动物来源铁(肉蛋类、奶及奶制品)摄入平均值为(2.6±2.8) mg/d,中位数2.2(1.1,3.48) mg/d;植物来源铁(谷类、豆类、蔬菜、水果)摄入平均值(10.4±7.8) mg/d,中位数8.6(6.1,12.0) mg/d。总动物来源铁比例(ASFR)为18.6%。铁摄入<EAR的儿童有278人(17.4%),>可耐受最高摄入量(UL)的有47人(2.9%)。成都儿童铁摄入<平均需要量(EAR)的比例最低(6.3%),邢台山区儿童铁摄入>UL的比例最高(7.7%)。农村儿童ASFR显著低于城市水平。对膳食铁贡献最大的食物来源为谷物和肉类。结论 我国儿童动物来源铁的摄入较低,应注意提高农村地区儿童的动物性铁摄入。
Abstract
Objective To explore the iron intake of children from different sources and assess the iron status of children. Methods A total of 1 600 children aged 3~12 years old were selected through multiple stage stratified cluster sampling from 6 cities and 2 rural areas of China.General information and 24 h dietary recalls were obtained by questionnaire. Results The overall dietary iron intake was (14.3±8.3)mg/d,with a median of 12.4(9.5,16.6) mg/d.The overall animal source iron intake (meat,eggs and milk) was (2.6±2.8)mg/d,with a median of 2.2(1.1,3.48) mg/d.The overall plant source iron intake was (10.4±7.8) mg/d,with a median of 8.6(6.1,12.0) mg/d.The overall Animal Source Food Ratio (ASFR) was 18.6%.There were 278 (17.4%) children with iron intake lower than EAR,and 47 (2.9%) children with iron intake higher than UL.The proportion of children with iron intake lower than EAR in Chengdu was the lowest (6.3%),while the proportion of children with iron intake higher than UL in Xingtai mountain area was the highest (7.7%).ASFR of rural children was significantly lower than urban level.The most important food source for dietary iron was cereals and meat. Conclusion The iron intake of children in China is relatively low,much attention should be paid to improve animal source iron intake of children in rural areas.
关键词
铁 /
膳食铁 /
铁来源 /
儿童
Key words
iron /
dietary iron /
iron source /
children
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