目的 了解海南省儿童智力低下的患病率及分布情况,为政府更好地开展儿童康复救助和康复机构建设提供科学依据。方法 抽查海南省18个不同市县0~6岁儿童37 862人,采用《儿童发育问题预警征象》调查表筛查,对筛查阳性儿童采用《盖塞尔发育诊断量表》及《婴儿-初中学生社会生活能力量表》经专科医师进行临床诊断。结果 海南省智力低下总体患病率为6.1‰,智力低下儿童的患病率在性别(χ²=4.57,P=0.032)和区域上(χ²=8.46,P=0.037)差异无统计学意义;智力低下儿童的患病率在年龄差异有统计学意义(χ²=211.81,P=0.000);海南省智力低下儿童轻度患病率高于中度和重度。结论 海南省智力低下的患病率低于全国平均水平,严重程度仍以轻度智力低下为主。

Objective To know the prevalence and distribution of mental retardation for children in Hainan province,and to provide scientific basis for the government to carry out the rehabilitation policy and build more rehabilitation institutions for children. Methods Selecting 37 862 children aged 0~6 years old from 18 different cities and counties in Hainan province,using the "child development issues warning signs" questionnaire screening,then the children who were positive after screening were diagnosed by clinical specialist with Gesell Development Diagnosis Scale (GDDS) and Infants-Junior Middle School Students' Social Life Ability Scale. Results In Hainan province, the prevalence rate of mental retardation was 6.1‰.The prevalence rate of mental retardation was not significantly difference among gender (χ²=4.57,P=0.032) and area (χ²=8.46,P=0.037);there was significantly different (χ²=211.81,P=0.000) among the prevalence of mental retardation of children in age;the prevalence rate of mental retardation of children with mild illness was higher than that of children with moderate and severe mental retardation in Hainan province. Conclusion sThe prevalence rate of mental retardation in Hainan province is significantly lower than the average level,which mainly is still mild mental retardation.