目的 探讨不同干预方法对发育性协调障碍(DCD)儿童动作能力的影响,为DCD儿童干预方案的选择提供理论依据。方法 搜集1995年1月-2015年3月关于针对改善DCD儿童动作能力的中英文干预研究,并对文献进行筛选、资料提取分析、文献质量评价、结果讨论和结论报告。41篇文献最终被纳入系统评价,本文将纳入文献中提及的干预方式分为“以任务为导向”的方法、“以过程为导向”的方法和药物治疗3类,并采用PEDro量表和牛津中心证据水平评价纳入文献的质量,进而对每类方法的治疗效果进行评价。结果 PEDro量表文献质量评价平均得分为6.3,为中等水平;采用牛津中心证据水平对文献质量评价,证据水平均在中等(Ⅱb)及以上。不同类型干预方式对DCD儿童动作能力改善程度为:“以任务为导向”的方法对DCD儿童动作能力的提高最有效,其效果高于“以过程为导向”的方法。药物治疗对DCD和ADHD共病儿童具有一定的疗效。结论 以“任务为导向”的DCD儿童动作能力发展干预方法优于以“过程为导向”的方法,药物治疗对DCD和ADHD共病儿童有较好的干预。
Abstract
Objective s To explore the effect of different intervention Methods on motor ability of children with developmental coordination disorder(DCD),and to provide the theoretical basis for the treatment of DCD children. Methods Studies included in this review were from papers published from Jan,1995 to Mar,2015 which were described as systematic review,(randomized) clinical trial,or crossover design about the effect of motor intervention in children with DCD.A total of 41 studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review.Interventions were coded under three types:1) task-oriented intervention,2) process-oriented therapies,and 3) medical supplements.These articles were evaluated according to the Levels of Evidence Oxford and PEDro. Results The evidence level of all the studies included was in the moderate or above.A comparison of three interventions showed that it is obvious strong effects for task-oriented intervention,whereas the process-oriented intervention was weak and treatment with methylphenidate was moderate. Conclusion sTask-oriented intervention is the most effective method for children with DCD to improve their motor performance,and much better than processoriented therapies intervention method.
关键词
发育性协调障碍 /
生态学干预 /
动作技能 /
儿童
Key words
developmental coordination disorder /
ecological intervention /
motor performance /
children
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