目的 了解兰州市与东乡县学龄期儿童铁缺乏、铁减少、缺铁性贫血患病率及影响因素,为预防和治疗铁缺乏提供参考依据。方法 2015年10月分别于兰州市及东乡县的两所学校抽取6~12岁儿童396名。进行体格发育指标测量、静脉血采集和调查问卷。分析血红蛋白、血清铁、血清铁蛋白等指标,对调查问卷进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 396例儿童中铁减少、缺铁性贫血、铁缺乏的患病率分别为12.6%、8.6%、21.2%;东乡县儿童铁减少、缺铁性贫血、铁缺乏的患病率均较兰州市高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);东乡族儿童铁减少、缺铁性贫血、铁缺乏的患病率均较汉族高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别儿童铁减少、缺铁性贫血、铁缺乏患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同年龄组儿童缺铁性贫血患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但铁减少的患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在13个相关因素中,婴儿期(6月龄后)喂养、零食食入及偏食(OR>1,P<0.05)对缺铁性贫血患病率有显著影响,经济水平、带养人学历、家中有亲属贫血、注意饮食搭配、用铁锅烹饪及肉食食入为缺铁性贫血保护因素。结论 兰州市及东乡县学龄期儿童铁缺乏患病率较前降低,隐性缺铁仍是目前重要问题。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the prevalence rates and its risk factors of the school age children with iron deficiency anemia(IDA)in Lanzhou city and Dongxiang country,and to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of IDA. Methods In October 2015,396 children aged from 6 to 12 were selected through two representative schools in Lanzhou city and Dongxiang County.Physical examination,blood routine examination and ironmetabolism were conducted.Meanwhile,the questionnaire was issued to analyze the risk factors of IDA. Results Totally 396 cases showed that iron reduction,IDA,iron deficiency prevalence rates were 12.6%,8.6%,21.2% respectively.The prevalence rates of iron reduction,IDA,iron deficiency in Dongxiang county were higher than those in Lanzhou city,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Prevalence rates of iron reduction,IDA,iron deficiency of Dongxiang nationality children were higher than those of Han nationality children,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).There were no significant differences in prevalence of iron reduction,IDA,iron deficiency between male and female (P>0.05).Children in different ages had different prevalence about IDA which had statistical significance (P<0.05),children age was negative related to the prevalence rates,but iron depletion rates of the three groups had no statistical significance (P>0.05).Among the 13 related factors,there were 3 factors which affected the prevalence of IDA,and 6 were the protective factors. Conclusions School-age children's iron prevalence rates in Lanzhou city and Dongxiang County are lower than before.The iron deficiency is still an important problem.
关键词
缺铁性贫血 /
铁缺乏 /
患病率 /
儿童
Key words
iron-deficiency anemia /
iron deficiency /
prevalence /
children
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基金
甘肃省卫生行业科研计划项目(GSWSKY-2015-52)
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