目的 调查评价南宁市城区学龄前儿童生长发育、龋病发生、乙肝表面抗原阳性率和贫血率,为进一步改善儿童营养情况、提高儿童体质提供依据。方法 收集南宁市城区6所幼儿园共761名2~7岁学龄前儿童体重、身高、龋齿数、乙肝表面抗体、血红蛋白等指标进行分析,评价南宁市学龄前儿童生长发育及保健情况。结果 南宁市城区儿童身高体重整体较国家标准偏低,且身高体重等级比例以中上等和中下等居多;龋齿发生率达31.93%,人均龋齿数为4.71颗,男童患龋率高于女童,且随着年龄增长,患龋率逐渐增加,并在5~6岁年龄段达到高峰(50.62%);乙肝表面抗体总阳性率为68.78%, <3岁组乙肝表面抗体阳性率为65.65%,3~4岁组为69.9%,4~5岁组为68.26%,5~6岁组为72.7%,6~7岁组为58.06%;总贫血率为6.22%,<3岁组贫血率5.88%,3~4岁组为9.41%,4~5岁组为4.13%,5~6岁组为6.71%,6~7岁组为3.17%。结论 南宁市学龄前儿童的营养水平整体落后,保健意识还待加强,提倡学龄前儿童均衡膳食、加强龋病防治和疫苗接种的宣教,从而提高南宁市学龄前儿童的体格水平。

Objective To investigate and assess the growth and development,rate of caries,hepatitis B surface antigen positive and anemia of preschool children in Nanning city for the purpose of further improvement of children's nutritional status and physical fitness. Methods A toatl of 761 preschool children aged 2 to 7 years old were extracted from six kindergartens in Nanning city.The data of weight,height,dental caries,anti-HBS and hemoglobin were collected,analyzed and compared to evaluate the growth and development and health situation of preschool children in Nanning. Results Children's height and weight in this study were lower than those of the national standards,and upper- middle and lower-middle levers of the ratio of height and weight were majority.Caries rate was 31.93%,dental caries number was 4.71 per capita.Caries rate in boys was higher than that in girls.Caries rate increased gradually with age and reached a peak in 5~6 years age group (50.62%).Total anti-HBS positive rate was 68.78%,65.65% in <3 age group,69.9% in 3~4 age group,68.26% in 4~5 age group,72.7% in 5~6 age group,58.06% in 6~7 age group.Total anemic rate was 6.22%,5.88 % in <3 age group,9.41% in 3~4 age group,4.13% in 4~5 age group,6.71% in 5~6 age group,3.17% in 6~7 age group. Conclusions The overall level of preschool children's nutrition in Nanning city is low,and the health awareness need to be improved.Health education for preschool children on balance diet caries prevention and vaccination should be strengthened.