目的 了解社区儿童居家伤害的流行特征,了解监护人认知行为情况,为预防儿童居家伤害提供依据。方法 于2014年3月在某社区随机抽取928名1~6岁儿童,由监护人代答2013年3月1日-2014年2月28日期间在居室内的伤害发生情况,并调查监护人对儿童居家伤害认知以及行为情况。结果 发生居家伤害的有364人,居室发生率为39.22%。伤害发生次数为380人次,居室发生率为40.95%。性别、年龄间差异无统计学意义。伤害的类型以跌倒/坠落为主,占90.53%,伤害发生主要场所为客厅、卧室,分别占33.68%、28.68%。有10.74%的家庭认为儿童伤害不能预防;有48.78%的监护人从未接受过有关预防儿童伤害的培训和指导;一半以上的监护人预防儿童居家伤害的知识很匮乏、存在一些危险的喂养看护行为。结论 该社区儿童居家伤害发生率比较高,以跌倒/坠落为主,发生主要场所为客厅、卧室。监护人知识匮乏,有较多的不安全行为,亟需开展儿童居家伤害干预项目工作。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of indoor child injury in community,and explore the cognitive behavior of guardians,and to provide prevention basis for indoor child injury. Methods A retrospective questionnaire was conducted in March 2014 to obtain child injury happened indoor from March 1,2013 to February 28,2014.The cognition and behaviors of guardians on indoor child injury were also been investigated by self-administered questionnaires. Results A random sampling of 928 children within 1~6 years old was obtained in one of the community in Hongkou district,Shanghai.Out of 364(39.22%) participants once had indoor injury,380(40.95%) person-time had been observed.There was no significant difference in age group or gender.While,344 (90.53%) happened as accidental fall or drop.Living room and bedroom were the most common place which injury happened,33.68% indoor injury came from living room and 28.68% happened in bedroom,respectively.In this study,10.74% respondents tended to believe that child injury could not be prevented effectively; while,48.78% had never accept any training or guidance relate to child injury prevention; more than half of the guardians had poor knowledge in child injury,and most of them existed unsafe feeding care behavior. Conclusions The indoor child injury in this community is prevalent.Living room and bedroom are the most frequent places where indoor child injury happened,and the unsafe behaviors are common in guardians.The further intervention researches in this field are necessary.