目的 了解湖北省2005-2015年百日咳的流行特征及近年来湖北省百日咳的流行趋势,为预防控制百日咳提供科学依据。方法 运用流行病学描述性分析方法对国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统报的百日咳病例数据进行分析。结果 2005-2015年湖北省共报告百日咳病例565例,无死亡病例。2005-2009年报告发病率从0.163/105降至0.047/105,2010-2013年维持在较低水平,发病率处于0.028/105~0.056/105,2014年开始上升,至2015年发病率为0.217/105。全年均有发病,主要发病高峰在3~9月份,占病例总数的83.4%,病例主要集中在婴幼儿,62.7%的病例集中在1岁以下儿童,以散居儿童为主(85.5%)。结论 应完善实验室诊断方法,提高百日咳病例的实验室诊断比例,并通过主动监测估计发病率,加强全程免疫,以有效防控百日咳的感染和流行。
Abstract
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and epidemic trend of pertussis in Hubei province in 2005-2015,and provide scientific basis for the strategy of monitoring and controlling pertussis. Method The individual data of pertussis cases from National Notifiable Disease Reporting System in Hubei during January 1st 2005 to December 31st 2015 were analyzed descriptively. Results Totally 565 cases were reported in Hubei in 2005-2015,with no cases died.The reported incidence of pertussis declined from 0.163 to 0.047 cases per 100 000 in 2005-2009,keep a low level from 0.028 to 0.056 cases per 100 000 in 2010-2013,showed a noticeable rising trend in 2014,and reached 0.217 cases per 100 000 in 2015.The disease occurred all through the year and peaked in March to September,which accounted for 83.4% of the total cases that mainly occurring in infants,around 62.7% cases were less than 1 year old.A proportion of 85.5% of the cases were scattered children. Conclusions Laboratory diagnosis Methods of pertussis should be improved.The proportion of pertussis cases diagnosed by laboratory should be increased,and the incidence should be estimated by active surveillance to effectively control and prevent prevalence of pertussis with reinforce of full-course immunization.
关键词
百日咳 /
流行特征 /
发病率
Key words
pertussis /
epidemiological characteristic /
incidence
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 张柳,赵建宏,张遮民.百日咳流行病学研究进展[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2008,14(6):559-564.
[2] 张发香,孙静,郑莉.湖北省百日咳流行病学分析[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2006,17(5):73-74.
[3] 中华人民共和国卫生部.ws274-200百日咳诊断标准[EB/OL].(2007-04-17).http://www.moh.gov.cn/zwgkzt/s9491/201410/52040bc16d3b4eecae56ec28b3358666.shtml.
[4] 张颖,黄海涛,刘勇.天津市社区人群百日咳发病监测及传播特征研究[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2011,17(3):209-211.
[5] Gambhir M,Clark TA,Cauchemez S,et al.A change in vaccine efficacy and duration of protection explains recent rises in pertussis incidence in the United States.[J].PLoS Comput Biol,2015,11(4):1-16.
[6] Orenstein WA.Pertussis in adults:epidemiology,signs,symptoms,and implications for vaccination.[J].Clin Infect Dis,1999,28(Suppl2):147-150.
[7] Forsyth KD,Campins-Marti M,Caro J,et al.New pertussis vaccination strategies beyond infancy: recommendations by the global pertussis initiative.[J].Clin Infect Dis,2004,39(15):1802-1809.
[8] 张兴录,杨志伟,周军.我国近年百日咳流行病学特点分析[J].中国计划免疫,2000,6(1):93-95.
[9] 迮文远.百日咳防治研究进展[J].中华流行病学杂志,2000,21(4):309-310.
[10] 骆晓艳,黄海涛,刘勇.天津市百日咳流行病学特征及相关因素分析[J].疾病监测,2010,25(10):787-790.
[11] 高志刚,黄海涛,刘勇,等.天津市百日咳发病反弹及流行特征改变的影响因素分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2011,17(3):212-215.
[12] 张学化,周冬梅,李传彬.年济南市百日咳流行特征分析[J].预防医学论坛,2012,18(9):705-706.
[13] Vickers D,Ross AG,Mainar-Jaime RC,et al.Whole-cell and acellular pertussis vaccination programs and rates of pertussis among infants and young children[J].Canadian Medical Association Journal,2006,175(10):1213-1217.
[14] Ntezayabo B,De Serres G,Duval B.Pertussis resurgence in Canada largely caused by a cohort effect[J].Pediatr Infect Dis J,2003,22(1):22-27.
[15] World Health Organization.Revised guidance on the choice ofpertussis vaccines:July 2014[J].Wkly Epidemiol Rec,2015,34(12):1423-1425.
[16] Wang K,Fry NK,Campbell H,et al.Whooping cough in school age children presenting with persistent cough in UK primary care after introduction of the preschool pertussis booster vaccination:prospective cohort study[J].BMJ,2014,348(3668):1-9.
[17] Liko J,Robison SG,Cieslak PR,et .Priming with whole-cell versus acellular pertussis vaccine[J].New England Journal Medicine,2013,368(6):581-582.
PDF(615 KB)
