目的 探索孕期贫血是否会改变妊娠结局及增加婴幼儿贫血的概率并且阻碍其正常的生长发育。方法 通过问卷调查获得孕妇孕期贫血情况及新生儿出生结局资料,追踪记录婴幼儿6、12月龄和24月龄时的身长、体重,计算Z评分,并对其血红蛋白进行检测和评价,依此探讨孕期贫血对新生儿出生结局和婴幼儿生长发育的关系。结果 孕期总体贫血患病率为18.9%,阴道分娩率为57.7%,早产儿发生率为5.5%,低出生体重和巨大儿发生率分别为4.2%和9.2%,婴幼儿贫血率6月龄时最高为8.2%,随月龄增加贫血率逐渐降低,婴幼儿生长发育状况良好,消瘦、生长迟缓、低体重及超重发生率均低于1%。孕期贫血组与不贫血组的新生儿出生体重、身长、孕龄及分娩方式差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),6、12、24月龄,婴幼儿贫血情况及生长发育水平差异也无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 孕期贫血对新生儿出生结局以及婴幼儿贫血和生长发育存在负面影响。
Abstract
Objective To explore whether anemia in pregnancy can change the outcome of pregnancy and increase the probability of anemia in infants and hinder the normal growth and development of infants. Methods Data of anemia during pregnancy and birth outcomes were obtained with a questionnaire.Length,weight and hemoglobin of infants and toddlers at 6,12 and 24 months were measured,and the relationship between maternal anemia and infants and toddlers' health was studied. Results The total prevalence of anemia during pregnancy was 18.9%,the rate of delivery by vagina was 57.7%,and the prevalence for preterm,low birth weight and macrosomia were 5.5%,4.2% and 9.2%,respectively.The highest rate of anemia among infants was 8.2% at 6 months,then it decreased with age,the nutrition status of infants and toddlers were good,with the rate of thin,stunting,underweight and overweight lower than 1%.No significant differences were found on birth weight,birth length,gestational age and delivery mode (P>0.05),as well as anemia and growth of infants and toddlers at 6,12 and 24 months between anemia group and non-anemia group during pregnancy (P>0.05). Conclusion No relationship was found between maternal anemia and birth outcomes,anemia and growth of infants and toddlers.
关键词
孕期贫血 /
出生结局 /
婴幼儿贫血 /
婴幼儿生长发育
Key words
anemia during pregnancy /
birth outcome /
infant anemia /
growth of infants and toddlers
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参考文献
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基金
北京市重大科技计划项目(D141100004814002);北京市自然科学基金重点研究专项(Z140001)
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