目的 了解广西缺铁性贫血高发区6~24个月婴幼儿贫血分布情况,分析不同干预方法对6~24月龄婴幼儿缺铁性贫血患病的影响。方法 在广西缺铁性贫血高发地区,通过分层整群随机方法抽取广西3县8个乡镇的6~24个月龄婴幼儿504名,分横县干预组(A)、灵山县干预组(B)、宾阳县大桥镇和黎堰镇(C)、宾阳县武陵镇和新桥镇(D) 4个组,对家长进行问卷调查及不同干预试验,其中A组健康教育+营养包,B组营养包,C组补充营养+健康教育,D组为对照组。干预时间为8个月。对比分析干预前后患儿贫血患病与转归情况。结果 四组儿童性别差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.56,P=0.905);四组干预前贫血患病率差异有统计学意义(χ²=13.81,P=0.003),贫血患病率B>A>D>C,干预后贫血患病率均降低(P<0.001),贫血患病率C>D>A>B;干预前后贫血转归差异有统计学意义(χ²=26.64,P<0.001)。结论 6~24个月龄婴幼儿补充营养素补充剂有利于改善婴幼儿贫血状况和降低贫血患病率。

Objective To understand the distribution of anemia among 6~24 months young infants in 3 counties of Guangxi where the incidence of anemia were high,and analyse the influence of different intervention methods on the 6~24 months young infants. Methods The survey was conducted according to stratified cluster sampling method in regions with a high incidence of anemia in Guangxi.Finally,504 aged 6~24 months infants with their parents were extracted from 3 counties and 8 townships and divided into A,B,C,D 4 groups to carry out a questionnaire survey and different intervention trials.Also,comparative analysis anemia and outcomes were carried out before and after the intervention. Results The 4 groups had no statistically significant differences (χ²=0.56,P=0.905) in gender but had statistically significant differences in prevalence of anemia(χ²=13.81,P=0.003);Order of prevalence of anemia showed B>A>D>C.The prevalence of anemia was decreased after intervention trials(P<0.001).Later order changed as C>D>A>B.Before and after intervention,there was also with statistical significance (χ²=26.64,P<0.001)in the outcomes of anemia. Conclusion Supplementary nutrient for 6~24 months young infants is conducive to improving the status of anemia and reduce the prevalence of anemia.