目的 调查济南市市中区市区及市郊三所小学被动吸烟现状,为控制儿童被动吸烟提供针对性的政策建议。方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法,对市中区3~6年级儿童进行问卷调查,收集儿童被动的吸烟情况、烟草危害认知情况及控烟态度等相关信息。结果 全体儿童被动吸烟率20.8%,市郊儿童26.2%,市区儿童18.4%,两地区儿童被动吸烟率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。市区及市郊儿童被动吸烟场所构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。市区儿童对被动吸烟认知及态度、行为均好于市郊儿童,市区学校及父母对儿童被动吸烟教育情况好于市郊。市区儿童最容易接受的被动吸烟健康教育方法依次为父母或老师讲解,图书报刊或宣传海报,广播电视;市郊儿童则为父母或老师讲解,医生个别讲解,广播电视/上网调查。结论 降低儿童的被动吸烟率,市区及市郊儿童应该有针对性的开展控烟教育工作,才能取得较满意的效果。

Objective To investigate the present situation of children's passive smoking on the three primary school of urban and suburban in Shizhong district,Jinan,and provide corresponding policy and suggestions to control the children's passive smoking. Methods The 3~6 grade children were surveyed by questionnaire,adopting the method of stratified cluster sampling.The informations included the passive smoking situation of the children,the awareness of the tobacco knowledge and the attitude of the tobacco control and other relevant information. Results The passive smoking rate of all children was 20.8%,the suburban children was 26.2%,the urban children was 18.4%,the difference of two regions was statistically significant,(P<0.01).The difference of the constitute ratio about the urban and suburban children's passive smoking areas was statistically significant (P<0.05).The cognition,attitude and behavior of passive smoking of urban children were better than those of the suburban children.The urban schools and parents' health education of passive smoking were better than the suburban.The urban children's acceptable ways of passive smoking education were parents' or teacher's explanation,newspapers and magazines and posters,radio and television.The suburban children's ways were parents' or teacher's explanation,doctor individual interpretation,broadcasting and TV/on the web. Conclusion The urban and suburban children should be targeted to carry out the tobacco knowledge education to reduce the children's passive smoking rate and obtain satisfactory effect