目的 调查孤独症儿童龋病及牙周疾病流行情况和治疗需求。方法 本研究采用横断面病例对照研究方法 ,分别选取60名乳牙列期和恒牙列期孤独症儿童为实验组,同区根据年龄、性别、家庭收入选取60名正常儿童进行配对设为对照组。龋病采用患龋率及龋面充填构成比作为指标,牙周病采用社区牙周治疗需求指数为指标。均数和构成比分别采用t检验和χ2检验。结果 孤独症儿童乳牙列期患龋率和龋面充填构成比分别是58.29%,5.83%;恒牙列期的患龋率和龋面充填构成比分别是40.16%,11.69%,龋面充填构成比均低于对照组。孤独症儿童乳牙列期需要进行口腔卫生指导和牙周治疗的比率分别为33.21%,20.18%;恒牙列期分别为51.24%,47.65%,社区牙周治疗需求指数均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 孤独症儿童龋病及牙周病患病率较高,治疗需求远未满足,亟需家庭和社会共同的关注。
Abstract
Objective To assess dental caries experience and periodontal treatment needs among children diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods A cross-sectional,comparative case-control study was used,in which dental caries experience of 60 children with ASD was compared with that of 60 controls.The children with ASD were recruited from Centre of Children with ASD.Controls were recruited from school children and matched for age,gender and socioeconomic status.DMFT,dmft for dental caries experience and CPITN for periodontal treatment needs were calculated according to WHO criteria by a calibrated examiner.Scores for DMFT,dmft as well as CPITN indices were compared using bivariate analysis. Results The data analyzed for this study comprised observations from a group of children (cases = 60) diagnosed with ASD matched with healthy children (controls= 60).Consequently,each group consisted of 46 males and 14 females aged 3~14 years old (mean 7.29 ± 3.11).The ASD children showed significantly lower means for dmft and higher means for DMFT teeth as well as higher periodontal treatment needs (P＜0.05). Conclusion Children with ASD are found to have lower dmft scores and higher DMFT scores,the unmet periodontal treatment needs is higher than that of unaffected control children.
关键词
孤独症 /
龋病 /
牙周病
Key words
autistic spectrum disorders /
dental caries /
periodontal diseases
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参考文献
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基金
浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2015KYB327)
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