目的 了解延安市学龄儿童超重、肥胖状况及影响因素,为当地及国家预防策略提供参考。方法 整群抽样延安市城区和郊区各3所小学,测量儿童身高、体重,计算体质指数(BMI),问卷调查儿童家长,收集儿童性格、运动、睡眠、饮食等资料,分析当地儿童超重、肥胖的影响因素。结果 1)延安市学龄儿童超重率为13.76%,其中城区男生20.09%,城区女生10.64%,郊区男生14.83%,郊区女生8.19%;儿童肥胖率为5.27%,其中城区男生8.04%,城区女生4.47%,郊区男生4.78%,郊区女生3.00%;2)性别、生活区域、性格等因素对延安市学龄儿童超重、肥胖发生率有显著影响(P＜0.05)。结论 延安市学龄儿童超重、肥胖率较高,合理膳食、加强运动是儿童超重、肥胖的基本预防措施。

Objective To observe the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school-age children in Yan 'an and to analyze risk factors for preventing from overweight and obesity. Methods Three primary schools located in urban and suburban district were respectively selected by a cluster sampling method.Morphological indicators including height,weight and body mass index (BMI) were collected,and questionnaire survey on children's character,exercise,sleep,diet was conducted. Results 1)The prevalence of overweight was 13.76%,of which the urban boy 20.09%,urban girl 10.64%,suburban boy 14.83%,suburban girl 8.19%; the prevalence of obesity was 5.27%,of which the urban boy 8.04%,urban girl 4.47%,suburban boy 4.78%,suburban girl 3.00%.2)The factors involving gender,residence distribution,character had significant influences on the students' overweight and obesity(P<0.05). Conclusions The current status of Yan 'an children's overweight and obesity is higher.Basic prevention from overweight and obesity should be reasonable diet and physical exercise