目的 了解北京市青少年健康相关生活方式的现状,为青少年健康生活方式的培养提供参考。方法 便利选取北京市东城区一所小学和一所中学的395名学生为研究对象。采用问卷调查的方式,对青少年的健康相关生活方式做调查。结果 395名青少年生活方式问卷总得分为179.43±27.41,其中“生活方式相关行为”得分为96.34±14.75;“心理社会行为”得分为82.38±13.72。不同性别、年级、父母文化程度、家庭月收入、有无独立卧房等条件下,青少年生活方式均无差别。中学生的社会支持水平高于小学生(t=4.34,P=0.04);没有自己独立卧房的青少年安全意识高于有独立卧房的青少年(t=4.71,P=0.03)。结论 所调查的395名青少年生活方式整体状况良好,但是,在压力管理及健康意识方面得分较低。因此,应该重视青少年压力管理和健康意识的培养,教会其应对压力的策略,提高其压力应对能力,同时应注重青少年自我健康意识的培养和提高。
Abstract
Objective To examine the health-related lifestyle of the young adolescents in Beijing,the results will provide information for the cultivation of healthy lifestyle of the adolescents. Methods A convenience sample of 395 students studying in primary or secondary schools were recruited.The Adolescent Lifestyle Questionnaire (ALQ) was used to measure the adolescents' health-related lifestyle. Results The overall mean score of the health-relate lifestyle of the 395 students was (179.43±27.41),the score of the lifestyle behaviour was (96.34±14.75),and the psychosocial well-being was (82.38±13.72).There was no difference in the lifestyle under different gender,grade and family status.Middle school students were found have higher level of "social support" than the primary school students(t=4.34,P=0.04).Students who have no independent bedroom have higher level of "safety awareness" than the students who live in independent bedroom(t=4.71,P=0.03). Conclusions The 395 students have a healthy lifestyle,but the scores of "stress management" and "health awareness" are low.The family and the school should pay more attention to improve the coping strategies of the adolescents,and should also focus on the cultivation and improvement of their "health awareness".
关键词
健康相关生活方式 /
青少年 /
生活方式相关行为 /
心理社会行为
Key words
health-related lifestyle /
adolescents /
lifestyle behaviour /
psychosocial well-being
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