目的 了解太原市城区0~6岁儿童发育状况,探讨其影响因素。方法 采用首都儿科研究所研制的《中国儿童发育量表》修订版对太原市893例0~6岁儿童进行发育项目测查,问卷调查采用首都儿科研究所研制的儿童基本情况调查表。结果 893例儿童精细动作的发育商水平最低,男童为91.58±15.46,女童为95.90±15.06;大运动、精细动作、社会行为三个能区的发育商女童优于男童,差异有统计学意义。单因素分析结果 显示:分娩方式、过敏史、家庭人均月收入水平与儿童发育商之间无显著性统计学差异,而性别(t=-3.366,P=0.001)、父母文化程度(t=24.604,P=0.000)、主要看护人(t=-2.267,P=0.024)、便秘(t=3.513,P=0.000)与儿童发育商之间有统计学差异。多因素分析结果 显示:性别(t=3.915,P=0.000)、便秘(t=-3.393,P=0.001)、主要看护人(t=-2.501,P=0.013)、父亲文化程度(t=2.393,P=0.017)与儿童发育商之间有统计学差异,母亲文化程度、主要看护人文化程度与儿童发育商之间无显著性统计学差异。结论 儿童早期发育受多种因素的影响,提高父母文化素养、由父母主要抚养,保证胃肠功能正常,对儿童的发育有重要的意义。

Objective To investigate the developmental condition on children aged 0~6 in Taiyuan city and explore its influencing factors. Methods A total of 893 children aged 0~6 in Taiyuan city were tested on development items with the Revised China Developmental Scale for Children,and questionnaire surveys were undertaken with basic information form made by Capital Institute of Pediatrics.Data processing usesd t test,analysis of variance,non-parametric test and multivariate linear regression analysis. Results The fine motor of development quotient(DQ) in 893 children was the lowest,boy was 91.58±15.46,and girl was 95.90±15.06.There were gender differences in gross motor,fine motor and social behavior items,and girl was better than boys.Single factor analysis showed that DQ had significant relations with gender (t=-3.366,P=0.001),parents' educational level (t=24.604,P=0.000),the main caregivers (t=-2.267,P=0.024),constipation (t=3.513,P=0.000).Multiple factors analysis showed that DQ had significant relation with gender (t=3.915,P=0.000),fathers' educational level (t=2.393,P=0.017),the main caregivers (t=-2.501,P=0.013),constipation (t=-3.393,P=0.001). Conclusion Early child development was influenced by many factors,so it's significant for children's development that enhancing the parents' educational level,mainly raised by parents,and improving the normal gastrointestinal function.