目的 探讨支气管哮喘儿童父母的抑郁焦虑症状及相关因素，为其心理干预提供依据。方法 对纳入标准的174名患儿父母采用艾森克人格问卷简式量表(EPQ-RSC)、应付方式问卷(CSQ)、社会支持量表(SSRS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)等自评量表进行问卷调查。结果 患儿父母抑郁症状发生率为21.84%，焦虑症状发生率为11.49%，抑郁与焦虑症状共病发生率为23.56%。患儿父母在性别、儿童患病年龄，哮喘疾病严重程度的构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。共病组内外向因子得分低于抑郁组和焦虑组，抑郁组和焦虑组低于无症状组(P<0.01);共病组神经质因子得分高于抑郁组和焦虑组，抑郁组和焦虑组高于无病组(P<0.01)。无症状组仅在主观支持、客观支持、社会支持总分得分显著高于共病组(P<0.05)。无症状组、抑郁组、焦虑组在解决问题和求助两因子得分显著高于共病组;无症状组在幻想、退避、合理化因子得分显著低于其他3组;无症状组自责因子得分显著低于抑郁组和焦虑组，抑郁组和焦虑组显著低于共病组。Logistic回归分析显示，患儿患病年龄越小、疾病严重程度重，及患病儿童父母神经质因子和自责得分较高者更容易出现抑郁症状和焦虑症状。结论 哮喘患儿父母的抑郁焦虑症状发生率较高，对其父母抑郁焦虑症状发生的危险因素有儿童患病年龄越小、疾病严重程度重，及低外倾性，较高水平神经质和自责。

Objective To explore the related factors and psychology intervene to depress and anxiety symptoms in parents of bronchial asthma children. Methods Totally 87 children with bronchial asthma were sampled and their 174 parents were investigated by the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-R Short Scale(EPQ-RSC),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),Coping Style Questionnaire(CSQ),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS). Results The incurrence rates in the parents were 21.84% for depression,11.49% for anxiety,and 23.56% for comorbid symptoms respectively.There were significant differences in sexual,the age of asthma children and severity of asthma for the depression and anxiety.The EPQ introversion and extroversion scores were lower in the comorbid group than in the other three groups,lower in the depression and anxiety groups than in the no symptoms group (P<0.01); The EPQ neuroticism score was lower in the no symptoms group than in the other three groups,lower in the he depression and anxiety groups than in the comorbid group (P<0.01).The SSRS scores of subjective support,objective support and total social support were lower in the comorbid group than in the no symptoms group (P<0.05).The CSQ scores of problems solving and seeking help were lower in the comorbid group than in the no symptoms group; the scores of fantasy,avoidance,and rationalization were lower in the no symptoms group than in the other three groups;The CSQ self-blame scores were lower in the no symptoms group than in the other three groups,lower in the depression and anxiety groups than in the comorbid group.Logistic regression analysis showed that those with the younger age of suffering from asthma,the more severity of asthma,lower score of extroversion,higher scores of neuroticism and self-blame were more likely to have symptoms of depression and anxiety. Conclusions The incurrence rates of depression and anxiety are very high in the parents with asthma children.The related factors include the younger age of suffering from asthma,the more severity of asthma,introversion and extroversion,neuroticism and self-blame.