目的 初步分析母亲对学龄前儿童体重感知偏差对其喂养行为的影响,为今后干预家长采取科学、正确的喂养行为提供一个新途径。方法 采用方便抽样,对上海市浦东新区某两所幼儿园250名学龄前儿童的母亲进行问卷调查。调查内容包括人口社会学特征、母亲对子女感知体重水平和母亲的喂养行为。结果 53.54%的母亲能够准确感知子女的体重水平,且低估体重水平者(38.89%)远多于高估体重水平者(7.58%)。在体重水平正常组中,正确评估子女体重水平的家长更可能担心其子女今后体重超重(t=3.793,P<0.001,β=0.435);在体重水平超重组中,低估子女体重水平的家长不太担心子女的体重问题,更可能采取逼迫进食而不是监督饮食的喂养方式(对子女超重的担心:t=2.823,P=0.008,β=0.681;监督饮食:t=2.142,P=0.039,β=0.539;逼迫进食:t=-2.006,P=0.052,β=-0.376)。结论 母亲对学龄前儿童的体重水平的感知准确性较差,且有低估儿童体重水平的倾向。母亲对子女体重感知偏差可能会导致其采取不合理的喂养行为。
Abstract
Objective s To analyze the impact of maternal misperceptions of their preschool child's weight status on their feeding practice,and to provide theoretical support for new interventions regarding parents to take reasonable feeding practices. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 250 mothers of preschool-aged children from two kindergartens at Pudong new area of Shanghai was conducted by using the questionnaire,which included social-demographic characteristics,perceived weight status of child and maternal feeding practice. Results 53.54% of the investigated mothers perceived their child's weight status correctly,and mothers who underestimated their children's weight status were much more than those who overestimated the weight status.In the group of normal-weight children,mothers who perceived their child's weight correctly were more likely to concern about children weight (t=3.793,P=0.000,β=0.435);In the group of overweight children,mothers who underestimated their child's weight status were unlikely to concern about their child's weight,and were more likely to force their child to eat instead of monitoring their child's eating (concern about overweight,t=2.823,P=0.008,β=0.681;monitoring,t=2.142,P=0.039,β=0.539;pressure to eat,t=-2.006,P=0.052,β=-0.376). Conclusions The accuracy of mothers' perceptions of their child's weight status is poor,and a tendency to underestimation of the preschool child's weight status is identified.Maternal misperceptions of their child's weight status might cause mothers to take improper feeding practice.
关键词
家长 /
学龄前儿童 /
感知体重偏差 /
体质指数 /
喂养行为
Key words
parents /
preschool child /
weight misperception /
body mass index /
feeding practice
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基金
国家自然科学基金(71303250);第二军医大学“大学生创新能力培养基金”立项(MS2014035);上海市卫计委科研课题(201540120)
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