目的 了解长春市小学生雾霾相关知识知晓率和健康行为形成率,了解当前小学生群体知识掌握程度及渠道,找出薄弱环节,为学校及公共卫生部门提供依据。方法 采取整群抽样方法对长春市1 256名小学生雾霾相关知识进行回顾性调查并做统计分析。结果 雾霾相关知识总知晓率81.68%,高年级组知晓率高于低年级组(χ²=23.138,P<0.005),女生雾霾知识知晓率略高于男生。低年级组女生健康行为形成率高于男生(χ²=21.349,P<0.05),高年级组健康行为形成率高于低年级组(χ²=116.74,P<0.001)。结论 应强化政策宣传力度,加大小学生雾霾相关知识校园健康宣教投入,努力使雾霾防治知识传播的专业化、系统化、多渠道化,提高小学生的雾霾防治工作效果。

Objective To understand awareness and health behavior formation rate of the haze relevant knowledge in Changchun city pupils,and to provide scientific basis for the health effects for the prevention of haze. Methods By using the cluster sampling method,a retrospective survey was carried out and the haze related knowledge of 1 256 pupils in Changchun city was statistical analyzed. Results The awareness rate of haze related knowledge was 81.68%,high-grade group awareness rate was higher than that of low-grade group (χ²=23.138,P<0.005),the rate of girls was slightly higher than the boys.Behavioral health of low grade group of girls was higher than that of boys(χ²=21.349,P<0.05),high-grade's group's health behavior formation rate was higher than that of low-grade group (χ²=116.74,P<0.001). Conclusion The pupils to carry out targeted haze prevention knowledge propaganda and education,improve students' haze awareness rate of related knowledge is conducive to physical and mental health of students,which is one of the essential measures at all levels of school.