早产儿出院后的营养管理关系到早产儿的体格生长和神经系统发育,对早产儿营养风险的评估是个体化喂养指导的基础。营养风险评估的目的是识别有营养不良和生长迟缓高风险的早产儿,以便继续给予科学的强化营养支持,弥补在出生后早期营养的累积缺失,促进适宜的追赶性生长,改善其远期预后。早产儿出院后的喂养方案取决于营养风险的评估,由于喂养方式不同、营养风险不同,喂养方案因人而异。喂养方案还要根据定期随访中喂养和生长代谢的评估进行调整,个体化指导,适时进行乳类转换和半固体食物添加,注意各种营养素的补充,保障早产儿的健康成长。
关键词
早产儿 /
营养 /
出院后 /
个体化
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 《中华儿科杂志》编辑委员会,中华医学会儿科学分会新生儿学组,中华医学会儿科学分会儿童保健学组:早产/低出生体重儿喂养建议[J].中华儿科杂志,2009,47:508-510.
[2] Aggett PJ,Agostoni C,Axelsson I,et al.Feeding preterm infants after hospital discharge:a commentary by the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition[J].J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr,2006,42(5):596-603.
[3] Lapillonne A,O'Connor DL,Wang DH,et al.Nutritional recommendations for the late-preterm infant and the preterm infant after hospital discharge[J].J Pediatr,2013,162(3 Suppl):S90-100.
[4] WIC Program.Oregon Pediatric Nutrition Practice Group.Nutrition practice care guidelines for preterm infants in the community,2006(revised 2013)[EB/OL].[2015-10-8].http://www.eatrightoregon.org/opnpg
[5] Gaining and Growing: Assuring nutritional care of preterm infants(revised 2015)[EB/OL].[2015-10-8].http://www.depts.washington.edu/growing
[6] World Health Organization.Guidelines on optimal feeding of low birth-weight infants in low- and middle-income countries,2011.[EB/OL][2015-10-8].http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/documents/infant_feeding_ low_bw/en/.
[7] Koletzko B,Poindexter B,Uauy R,et al.Nutrition care of preterm infants,scientific basis and practical guidelines[J].Karger,2014,110:1-XII.
[8] Fenton TR,Kim JH.A systematic review and meta-analysisto revise the Fenton growth chart for preterm infants[J].BMC Pediatr,2013,13:59.
[9] World Health Organization.The WHO Growth Charts.2006[EB/OL][2015-10-8].http:// www.who.int/childgrowth/standards/en/
[10] World Health Organization.WHO Child Growth Standards: Methods and development .2006[EB/OL].[2015-10-8].http://www.who.int/childgrowth/standards/velocity/technical_report/en/
PDF(453 KB)
