目的 探讨遵义市农村学龄儿童烧烫伤特征及影响因素,为制定预防儿童烧烫伤策略提供理论依据。方法 采用多阶段整群随机抽样法抽取遵义市凤冈县2所小学和1所中学共465名儿童为调查对象,采用自制问卷调查近一年烧烫伤情况,运用单、多因素非条件Logistic回归分析其烧烫伤影响因素。结果 烧烫伤发生率为8.82%,36.6%是热水和热油导致,发生部位主要是手掌/手臂(53.7%),主要发生地是家中(75.6%),发生季节主要是夏季(46.3%)。多因素分析显示,男童发生烧烫伤的危险性较女童高(OR=5.38)、独生子女(OR=11.05)、留守儿童(OR=8.61)等是儿童发生烧烫伤的危险因素。学习成绩好(OR=0.45)、懂得烧烫伤正确处理方法(OR=0.83)等是烧烫伤发生的保护因素。结论 遵义市农村儿童烧烫伤发生率较高,应加强烧烫伤知识普及,关爱留守儿童,以降低其烧烫伤发生率。

Objective To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of unintentional burns among school-aged children in rural Zunyi,and to provide a basis evidence for the prevention strategies. Methods A total of 465 children from 2 primary schools and 1 middle school were recruited into this study by using a multi-stage cluster sampling method in Zunyi city,the status of burns in one recent year were surveyed with a self-designed questionnaire.The relative factors of burn injury were analyzed by univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression. Results Following facts were discovered:the incidence of burns in school-aged children was 8.82%; 36.6% of the burn injuries was caused by hot liquid (including hot water and hot oil);Burn injury mainly occurred in the palms/arms (53.7%);Home was the place that most of burn injury (75.6%) took place;And occurred mainly in the summer (46.3%).Data from the multivariate unconditional Logistic regression showed that the risk of occurrence of burns,boys were higher than those of girls(OR=5.38),being the single child (OR=11.05),left-behind children (OR=8.61).While good performance record (OR=0.45) and the knowledge of treatment of burns master well (OR=0.83) were protective factors on burn injury. Conclusions The incidence of burns of school-aged children in rural areas of Zunyi is still high,it should be strengthened that the popularization of knowledge of burns,and pay more attention to left-behind children so as to reduce the incidence of burns in school-age children.