目的 通过横断面研究,了解上海市3~6岁儿童隔代养育情况及其饮食运动习惯差异。方法 在上海市18个市辖区各抽取2所幼儿园,通过问卷调查形式收集儿童家庭情况、体格发育、营养膳食和体育活动信息。结果 样本共纳入儿童1 637名,其中隔代养育的比例为30.5%。不同养育方式下儿童的超重及营养不良的发生率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.001,P=0.982)。不同养育方式下的幼儿都存在就餐时间过长、日饮水量不足及园外活动时间缺乏的问题。其中隔代家长在饮食及运动的选择上更加多样化。结论 上海市3~6岁儿童中亲代养育的比重更大,不同养育方式下儿童的饮食运动习惯存在差异。就餐时间过长、日饮水量不足及园外活动时间缺乏是两类养育方式下幼儿的共同问题。在运动方式和运动场地的选择上体现出上海市儿童生活环境变化特点。
Abstract
Objective To investigate differences in parenting style,physical development,diet and physical activity of 3~6 years old children through a cross-sectional study. Methods The study consisted of 36 kindergartens covering all 18 districts in Shanghai,2 kindergartens each district.A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect children's family situation,physical development,dietary and physical activity information. Results The sample consisted of 1 637 children,30.5% of them were raised by grandparents.The incidence rate of overweight and malnutrition between two parenting styles had no difference (χ2=0.001,P=0.982).Children under different parenting styles all had problems in meal time,daily water drinking and lacking of exercises outside the garden.Grandparents chosed more diversely in diet and exercises. Conclusions More parents choose to raise children themselves in Shanghai.The physical development,diet and physical activity of children under two parenting style are different.Long meal time,lack of daily water drinking and exercises outside the garden are common problems in children under different parenting styles.The choice in the site selection and the mode of physical activityreflect the change of children's living environment in Shanghai.
关键词
隔代养育 /
饮食 /
运动 /
现况调查 /
儿童
Key words
grandparents raising /
diet /
physical activity /
cross-sectional investigation /
children
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参考文献
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基金
国家自然科学基金 (30801205);上海市科委自然科学基金(12ZR1425600);上海市科委医学引导类项目(14411965200,14411970900);上海市科委重大项目(12411952401)
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